Shi Tong Liu Zhi Several Cultural And Historical Concept Study

This dissertation mainly talks about Shitong and Liu zhi-ji's view of literature and history. We mainly discuss about the problem of the separation and the unification of literature and history. This is a commonplace topic yet it is also one of the best paths to new insights. There are two kinds of relationship between literature and history: if they separate, then they are variants; if they unify, then they are the one. The difference between literature and history seems obvious when it applies to specific works. However, throughout Chinese literature classic, specially the whole Chinese academic history, it is hard to define the standard of the separation and the unification of literature and history. Before Shitong, literature and history are unified. However, when Shitong is finished, literature and history are separated. Of course, it's vivid saying. In fact, literature and history can not be separated completely till nowadays because of the close relationship between them. However there are many problems which deserve to be paid special attention to, including Liu zhi-ji's unique views.This dissertation divides into five chapters, each chapter as follows:The first chapter mainly discusses about Liu zhi-ji's theory of works of history immortal. Liu zhi-ji prefered theory of works of history immortal on the view of writing. He was an excellent historian. He put forward his theory of works of history immortal on the base of Confucius and Shima Qian to praise history highly and restrain literature, and try to separate literature and history.The second chapter mainly discusses about the concept of purification of historical records in Shitong. Liu zhi-ji'advocated purification of historical records, and he demanded to purify all thought, content and language in historical records. He tried to eliminate literature from history and then make history independent by this means.The third chapter mainly analyzes Liu zhi-ji's concept of literature and literary criticism. He is an outstanding historiographer and has special talent of literature. He insists poems, lyric essays and practical essays belong to literature. Liu zhi-ji maintains literary works should reflect and satirize reality, and oppose the way of pursuing form unilaterally and ignoring content. What Liu zhi-ji did conforms to the development of literature and seems more reasonable and objective.The fourth chapter mainly discusses about the concept of narration in Shitong. Literature can't separate from narration, and narrative plays a more important role in history; no narration, no history, and narration is the connecting point of history and literature. When Liu zhi-ji discusses about history, he poses theory of works of history immortal, and advocates the concept of purification of historical records; when he discusses about literature, he discriminates and criticizes some essay so euphuistical that he want to distinguish literature from history. Liu zhi-ji'view actually point out the differences between literature and history. However, when he refers to narration problem, he falls into plight inevitably that literature and history can not be separated. Liu zhi-ji intends to separate literature and history, but factually they can't be separated thoroughly. I am going to elaborate the concept of narrative in Shitong from three aspects: First, the realization of content and the fiction of narration; Second, the disposition of narrative detail; Third, the narrative technique attaching importance to both literature and history.The fifth chapter mainly discusses about Liu zhi-ji's concept of literature and history, and the development of the separation and the unification of literature and history. Basically, literature and history have not be separated till nowadays, yet they are unlikely to separate. The contradiction between efforts to distinguish literature and history and the fact that it is hard to draw lines between them exits not only in China, but also in other parts of the world. When discussing about how to differentiate literature and history, some of Liu zhi-ji's concepts and methods is significant.