Manchu Northeast Minority Languages ​​in Relations Research

The author wants to do some researches on the language relationship between the Man nationality and some minorities (such as Mongol, Daur, Xibe and so on) in the northeast of China in Qing Dynasty. On the base of linguistics, the author has adopted all kinds of theories and methods used in linguistics, history, ethnology and other subjects. The comparison among these languages is carried on from the following aspects:parallel interactivity between the Man and the Mongol nationality language; infiltration in deep layer between the Man and Daur nationality language; comprehensive inheritance between the Man and Xibe nationality language. At the same time, this dissertation has analyzed influences the national relationships has had on the language relationship, uncovered essential features among these language relationships, investigated their historical evolution and forms of expression, summarized the laws of language evolution.Firstly, the historical background which contains historical contact and national relationship is analyzed. From the angles of dominating nations and suppressed nations, the national policies made by Qing governors have been discussed, which can be considered the base of language relationship development, so that the evolution of language relationship can be further investigated. Secondly, the research lies in the language contacts and ontology of languages. The language relationship between Man and other minorities has been explored from the angles of lexical phonetic and grammar.Finally, a summary on the laws of language relationship has been made. After having done a lot of researches on the language relationships between Man and other minorities, the author divides those relationships into three types:parallel interactivity between the Man and the Mongol nationality language; infiltration in deep layer between the Man and Daur nationality language; comprehensive inheritance between the Man and Xibe nationality language. On the base of different types of national relationship in different layers, the author has described the co-existence, complementation and alternation of these different languages. The purpose is to explode that the national unification in politics, economy and culture is a fundamental premise of national blend and language interaction. The dissertation is composed of six chapters.Chapter one is an introduction on research contents, meaning and methods. The previous researches done by others are also reviewed briefly.Chapter two emphasizes the national relationship between the Man and other minorities in the northeast of China. In this chapter, the boundary division of northeast areas, the foundation of some governing bodies along with their jurisdiction and duties, the establishment of dominating position of Man nation, developing history of Man language and the national relationship between Man and other minorities are described completely.Chapter three analyses the policies and national language relationships in Qing dynasty. The chapter explodes that policies on politics, society and culture have had great influences on national relationship and language relationship.Chapter four states the process of language contact between Man and other minorities in Qing dynasty from the aspects of time and space.Chapter five discusses the forms of expressions on language relationship between Man and other minorities in southeast areas. Sufficient language materials are adopted to prove three features of language relationship between Man and other minorities.Chapter six is a summary about views appearing in different chapters. Creative views of the author, shortcomings of this research and the plans for further study are also explained in this chapter.By doing the research, the author wants to draw a clear picture on the development of language relationship between Man and other minorities in Qing dynasty. It is hoped that such research may have some influences on the further study of linguistics, Man language, national linguistics, ethnology and other subjects.