| Everyday life is a field closely linked with everybody's existence. It is the most basic activity in which everybody is engaged in a certain way all the time. But for a long time, in the vision of traditional metaphysics, the field of everyday life seldom arouses the attention of philosophers, so it has been ignored and forgotten. The critique theory of everyday life regards daily life as the target of philosophy studies for the first time, and analyses, dissects and criticizes the overall alienation of modern social everyday life world. In this way it becomes a very good example for carrying on and developing Marx's view of practice and life, alienation theory and criticizing spirit. It is a contemporary important thought weapon used to criticizing and transforming the real world. The critique theory of everyday life originated from the philosophy revolution that Marx started. Marx's overall clearance of metaphysics has caused a deep philosophy revolution. This revolution makes philosophy study return to "this world" from "paradise", and to "criticizing" of the real world from "explanation" of the real world. This important philosophy turn of Marx had been developed in his view of practice and life and his alienation theory, and it has become the birthplace where the critique theory of everyday life can emerge.Lukacs had carried on and expounded Marx's philosophy thought under the historical condition of developed industrial society in the 20th century, put forward his own materialization theory and disclosed the existence predicament of the person coming from the excess developing of tool reason or technological reason. A different point is that he didn't clarify alienation and object to alienation from proletariat revolutionary positions but from the point of view of everyday life practice and popular daily consciousness and made the primary historical philosophy analyse give place to the ontology analyse of everyday life firstly. He points out that daily life is the important base and place of materialization or alienation, and advocates developing the struggle with alienation according to ideology strive of everyday life. The unique contributions of Lukacs open up a new train of thought for starting struggles with alienation from the point of critique theory of everyday life. The school of Frankfort inherited the position of philosophy criticize of Marx and Lukacs, distinguished the traditional theory from the critique theory further, and determined clearly the social function of philosophy as the realistic criticism. They revealed the overall alienation states of the capitalist society through profound reconsideration and critique to ideology, technological reason, popular culture, etc. and expanded everyday life critique theory receive overall. Though the school of Frankfort has no completed critique theory of everyday life, their social critique theory dose diverge from daily life in the process of overcoming alienation through change of daily thinking and daily life style, so we can say, the critique theory of everyday life is originally included in the social critique theory of Frankfort school.On the basis of others, Lefebvre and Heler developed a thorough and systematic daily life critique, formed a critique theory of daily life. On the basis of new explanationof Marx's alienation theory, Lefebvre had set up critique theory of everyday life for the first time, which includes the meaning of everyday life and it's ontological position and alienation phenomenon. Equally, Heler's book "everyday life", along by the humanitization thread of daily life, with ferretting out of alienation of daily life, has finished a systematic statement of conception, characteristics of daily lives and the relations between daily lives and other activities. From then on, the critique theory of everyday life has become a kind of comparatively intact and systematic theory.In a word, critique theory of everyday life regards daily life, as of basic meaning. It makes a philosophical introspection and critiqu... |
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