Russian Deny The Scope Of The Meaning And Means Of Expression

Utterances are composed of two aspects: expression and content. The content aspect of utterances itself involves modus and dictum (proposition). When the dictum of utterance is negated, the negative terms express an absolute negation ("It is false that"), whereas negation concerns the modus of utterance, the utterance meaning is different, that is, the utterance does not mean "It is false that". In this case we call the negation "idiomatic usage". Negation can be directed to appropriateness of certain expression, and now the speaker objects to previous utterance from certain of point of view. This kind of negation is metalinguistic negation.Meaning is carried by language devices. These devices that express negation in both Russian and Chinese languages incorporate negative morphemes, words with negative sememe, negative words, rhetorical questions and idiomatic structures, etc. The thesis will mainly consider negative morphemes, cases of idiomatic usage of negative words, we will also look into questions about characteristics of words with negative sememe, movement of negation, as well as the meaning of negative words in sentences with quantitative words.Negation can divided into neutral and contrastive on basis of presence of negation. The two kinds of sentences are different in communication, syntax and collocation aspects. In sentences with contrastive negation the negative word are not necessarily all be directed to the truth value of the sentences, so it is reasonable to distinguish contrastive and metalinguistic negation. Thereexist many kinds of metalinguistic negation, among others the cases of negation of presupposition are rather distinctive.