The Relationship Between Discourse/ Power And The Transformation Of Chinese Theory From 1990s

This article tried to survey and introspect the manifestation of the West's power of discourse in Chinese literature theory from the 1990's. The core through this survey and introspection is the question about the words authority's nationality. The paper is composed of four chapters including introduction and the conclusion.The content of Chapter one, Chapter two and Chapter three are to study the interpretation about the theory of the power of discourse and some questions of Chinese literature theory from the 1990's. The first chapter is to manifest the power of discourse's background from the west world's social history and thoughts in theory. And we retrospect the Marxism's viewpoint of the power, Nietzsche's "power will", Foucault's theory about the power of discourse, Said's "the national power of discourse" in brief. The second chapter is to inspect the Chinese literature theory's acceptance and limitation from 1990's about the power of discourse. In Chinese contextual environment, the power of discourse is appeared in three ways—the theory strategy, the methodology and the question territory. The Chinese scholars generally had the consciousnesses about the power of discourse and discovered their own questions with it spontaneously during the process of acceptance. The third chapter is to survey and introspect the three statements — "the Chinese character", "aphasia", "appreciate daily life aesthetically" according to the developing debate about the three statements .With the survey, we found the core in these debates is about "the power of discourse in subject", "the power of discourse ideologue", "the consciousness of central national discourse", and the debates are limited within the two opposite thinking pattern "Chinese and Western".The fourth chapter tried to retrospect theory of the West's power of discourse itself and application about the theory in China under the guidance to the power of discourse localized. In the West's power of discourse's theory, the relation of the power proclaimed discourse, and "authorized" caused to limit the power of discourse's theory. "Authorized" had two meaning: one is that the power is universalized and suited; the other is that the power became the inner. The limitation of the power of discourse which makes the power itself become the origin of all phenomenons and eliminates the subject in the power's constitution caused to degrade or eliminate the self- interpretation possibility. In the power, we had no way to make the criteria criticize the object; therefore we could not explain criticism reasonably. At the same time, this limitation was also showed by putting the power of discourse localized in use. If the discourse /power is like the west theoretician's weapon used to criticized social main current from the marginal, in the contrary, the "nation" identity brings the power of discourse together with main ideological form in China. But this identity has the character of "exclusiveness", and the "exclusiveness" is showed by the suppression to the West's discourse and the clearance to the homeland's discourse. We could construct discourse of Chinese literature theory in two sides. One side, Chinese literature theory should be getting rid of the unitary thinking form in criticizing from the aspect of "nation", and view discourse of the ancient Chinese literature theory. The other side, the Chinese literature theory does need a field in which the Chinese literature theory could dialogue with others, and this field should not only be based on valuable judgments on the possessive or the negative according to the West culture. It is to break away from the field limited in nationality and realizes dialogue which makes the Chinese literature theory be possible to surpass its limitation.