Recommendations For Resources Management Of Cultural Heritage Place In Emperor Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum

Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum is one of the biggest emperor's tombs with the most abundant cultural heritages among the Chinese ancient emperor's tombs, it have many important values, such as historic, research, social and economic value. In 1961, Emperor Qin Shihung's mausoleum was listed as one of Chinese National Cultural Relic Protection Units in 1961, World Heritage in 1987. It also is the only unattached World Heritage in Shaanxi Province. According to the archaeological data, Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum covers about 56.25 square kilometers, the tomb itself, also the core area, take the area about 2.13 square kilometers, the area with abundant cultural heritage covers almost 20 square kilometers. Until now, archaeologists have found more than 180 burial pits, hundreds accessory tombs and millions square meters building ruins, unearthed many unique objects, including terracotta warriors and horses, color-painted bronze chariots, acrobatic pottery figures and bronze birds.The effective protection and reasonable utilization of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum would be beneficial to promotion of national identity, patriotism education and building the common spiritual home for the Chinese nation; it also would be beneficial to the optimization and adjustment of area industry structure, accelerating society and economy prosperity, advancing the building of harmony society. In order to protect Emperor Qin Shihuang' mausoleum, the very important world heritage, and promote the harmonious development of cultural heritage protection and utilization, recent years, national and local governments take many actions, these actions were very important for the protection, management and utilization of Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum.But we should also realize that there are still many problems in the resources management of Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum, these problems restrict directly and indirectly the sustainable development of cultural heritage. Focusing on the Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum, this dissertation focused on the recommendations for resources management of cultural heritage place, analyzed the conflicts and problems in the protection, management, utilization and social, economic development between cultural heritage itself and neighboring area, in order to build optimization mode and bring forward sustainable development strategy for heritage protection and social, economic development, and provide reference for decision-making of local government.This dissertation argued, "Cultural Heritage" and "Cultural Heritage Place" are two distinct terms. "Cultural Heritage Place" refer to the combination of geographical, historical, social and economic environment of cultural heritage itself and neighboring area. Researching and analyzing conflicts and problems in the resource management according to this meaning would be helpful for putting the heritage protection in the macro-environment of social, economic sustainable development, and harmonizing the relationship between protection and development. It also will be helpful for placing the heritage protection in dominating place in the whole macro environment, and forming the harmonious social and economic development mode with heritage protection on the core position.Based on this view, the dissertation discussed possibility of applying the Sustainable Development Theory, Strategy Management Theory, Game Theory and other analyzing method in the research of heritage place, and setup the theoretical basis for dissertation. Meantime, researched systematically on the natural and social environment, distribution and management of cultural heritage, and found that the main problems are unclear cultural heritage resource, lacking unified management system, conflict between management, protection of cultural heritage and regional social, economic development, humdrum heritage display and low-level cultural industry. After researching on the other cultural heritage management systems in the world, the dissertation argued, the foundation of resource management of cultural heritage place in Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum should be sustainable development. That means we should pay attention on the sustainable development of cultural heritage, as well as regional social and economic development. That will be the feasible way to solve the problems of conflict between protection and development in the cultural heritage place. On this understanding, this dissertation brought forward following suggestions:(1) Researching is the basement of the cultural heritage management. We should introduce and apply multi-discipline methods in the research work, accelerate archaeological work, support science conservation, achieve conservation technique breakthrough, and expand the research field on the protection and utilization of cultural heritage.(2) Unified management system would be beneficial to the harmonizing of protection and utilization. The Short-term aim is build the unifying heritage management system of the Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum, in which the cultural heritage management section should be the main position, and other departments of government give necessary support. "Museum of Emperor Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum" should be the cultural heritage management institute. In the future, we should establish a new administration district in this area, named as Cultural Heritage Protection District of Emperor Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum, function as the only cultural heritage, social and economic administrative organization.(3) Paying more attention to the visitors' multi-aspect experiencing need, and updating the cultural heritage display through many approaches, activating the cultural heritage, and harmonizing the protection and display of cultural heritage.(4) Considering well of community benefits in the cultural heritage protection. It is necessary to improve the understanding the values of Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum, establish the financial compensatation system, and give financial return to the local government and residents, by these measure, we could inspire the initiative and enthusiasm of community on the cultural heritage protection.(5) It should be the important policy in the resource management to harmonize the cultural heritage protection and regional social, economic development. In order to guide and standardize the regional development, it would be necessary to establish the cultural industry development oriented policies, support heritage tourism, setup regional tourism cooperation organization and constitute cultural industry admittance and management system.