Study On The Libu Shangshu In The Tang Dynasty

The official system is an important part of the political system, the official is leading the Operation Mechanism, The central official system is Three Province Six board which successes the former system. Shangshu province is the Administrative Execution, which leading six boards. This kind of official system influences the latter deeply. So in order to understand the history on system, we must research the official system. Libu is the primacy of Tang dynasty's Shangshu province. Libu Shangshu is the chief of Libu, and the status is very important. This article is to analyze the authority and status of Tang Dynasty's Libu Shangshu from the Shangshu's functions and the parentage and the situation of representation and the relationship with government.The chapter one is to review the setting and duty of Tang dynasty's Libu, to expound concretely the shift of Libu officers' setting,number,name, and to summarize the system origin and the setting and duty of Libu department and Sifeng department and Kaogong department and Sixun department in Tang dynasty.The chapter second is to discuss the duties of Libu Shangshu in Tang dynasty. Libu Shangshu carry outs the power of the chief of department such as singing the document and deciding government affairs, and leads the department and participates in compiling books about personnel matters and in constituting laws. LIbu Shangshu is charge in officers-select and adjusting the program. As the important officers in government, Libu Shangshu is also commissioned to act some temporary official positions. Such as taking part in military activities, taking charge of building tombs of emperors and holding the post of Yantieshi and so on.The Chapter three is to review the relationship between the Libu Shangshu and Tang's politics. In the early period of Tang dynasty, the central politics is Three Province six board, As the important civilian, Libu Shangshu often assumes the office of prime minister as the part time job. In the late period, because of the weakening of position of Shangshu province, the duty of Libu is also weakening. As the chief of Libu, Libu Shangshu although assume the office of prime minister or other important positions, but because they are in the low tide of undertaking, their political achievement is not prominent, and also to the enhancement of Libu's duty. In view of the general, there has great connection between the political performance and evolvement of Tang's political form. The chapter five is to review the complexion of entering political stratum and their experience. As Libu Shangshu, except the heroes who have most been the officers, the most are the Jinshi exam, and family status which become officers is the second. In the Medium-term, family status which become officers are near the half. The total number of imperial examinations is not changed. Until to the late, Libu Shangshu who is scholar status takes the absolutely majority. From of which, there is only one person from Mingjing. The numbers of Family Status which become officers descend greatly on the contrary on the basis of rising in the Medium-term. Generally speaking, the officers taking part in imperial examinations take the important position gradually, and the officers who join the Zhiju exam sigle appear in the early period, but disappear in the middle and late period.The Qijiaguan are the old officers of Sui dynasty in early period, and other circumstances are also very complex. Until to the late, many Qijia are Jiaoshulang. The single phenomenon in the late period is that Qijiaguan is the local officer and also the underling of Jiedushi, and the number is great.The chapter six is to discuss the Shift of the occupation. Qianrenguan are prime minister, Shangshu province and local officers mostly. The institutions of Qianchuguan are prime minister institution, local officer institution, Shangshu province and Donggong institution. In addition, there are complexions that they are dead in the position and demotion. There are thirty five officals who also pluralized prime minister since the Libu Shangshu moving into the prime minister. It shows that in Tang Dynasty adding Libu Shangshu to prime minister further enhances the power of the prime minister, and also reflects the unusual position of Libu Shang shu.The institutions of Qianchuguan are mainly prime minister institutions, local governments,Shangshu province and Donggong government. In addition,there are the circumstances about someone dead in the Work or being demoted. From the view of almost one-fifth abnormal moving out,the post of Libu Shangshu is still risky in Tang Dynasty.Because the abnormal moving out is often related in political situation,it further illuminates that the post of libushangshu is closely related to the political situation.The Chapter seven , of which Libu Shangshu who can be estimated tour of duty in Tang dynasty, the number is over 80% whose duty is less than two years. The tour of duty is oppositely longer in the middle period and shorter in the late period, which explains that the shift in this period is frequent.As the Libu Shangshu's position in officers, there are 85 Libu Shangshus in the climax of their undertaking, and 40 in the low tide. The two complexions take the majority. In the late period, the most officers are in the high and low tide, but in the early and middle period, Libu Shangshu who are in the low tide of their undertaking have a small number. To analyze totally, in the late period, Libu Shangshu in the low tide are more. The number of Libu Shangshu whose tour of duty is comparatively short is large and the percentage of Libu Shangshu who are also prime minister is obviously decreased. These explain that the duty and the position of Libu Shangshu shift with the weaken of the Libu's duty.