Study Of Chinese Proverb Circulation And Borrowing In Thailand

During the King Rama I, Chakri Dynasty( Bangkok ) (1782-1809) , the Romance of the three Kingdoms was translated into Thai for political reasons. It's the first Chinese classical novel translation. After that time also have other novels were translated into Thai language. This period was called Chinese classical fiction golden era, three kingdoms period, or period of popular Chinese classical fiction. There are tens of Thai edition Chinese classical fictions, which developed into a characteristic literary system and gave Thailand great effect in literature, language, art, opera, religion and so on.Through researching Thai edition Chinese classical fiction, as Chinese proverb spreaded in Thailand, literal translation, semantic translation and contextual translation are the main ways, among which, literal translation was the most , then semantic translation and contextual translation. Over 90% Chinese proverb is from the Romance of the three Kingdoms. It was greatly related to the success of the Romance of the three Kingdoms. The idiomatic phrases in Thai edition from Chinese classical fictions was widespread absorbed in Thai literature and enriched Thai proverb.The Chinese loanword in Thai proverb not only macroscopically wrote down the Chinese civilization's spread in Thailand, but also microscopically wrote down the details, such as Material culture, Energetic culture and so on, which in deep Thailand understands to Chinese civilization. Under the same background, Thailand civilization and Chinese civilization have so much similar in value idea, family idea and life style, which made Chinese culture easily absorbed into Thailand and two kinds of culture mixed together.After spreaded in Thailand, Chinese proverb has evolved in 4 ways, change , existence, application and disappearing .Among these ways, change is the most complicated,which can divided into the structure form and semantic single change and co-change. The latter can divided into 3 parts, semantic change lead by the formation componential changes and formation way changes, the evolvement of structures and semantic form. Application is the most popular, almost take a half part. In a word, structure and semantic form of these Chinese proverbs has never changed during spreading in Thailand, which reflects its strong vitality and relative independence.In the history of Thailand literature, Chinese classical fictions during the three Kingdoms peroid have most works and influence. It became the bridge between Thai Classical literature , Modern literature and Contemporary literature. Meanwhile, it became the best medium for Chinese proverb spreading in Thailand. After the first Thai edition Chinese swordsman novel's appearance, The Legend of the condor heroes , a wave of translating Chinese swordsman novels was raised, that is Jinyong time, Gulong time or swordsman novels time. At the same time, the second wave Chinese proverb spreading in Thailand. By researching Thai edition Chinese swordsman novels, they are all from literal translations and appears frequently in the Thai Contemporary literature work.