Social Mobilization Study In K.M.T-controlled Areas Of Jiangxi, 1928-1945

This essay mainly focuses on social mobilization of K.M.T-controlled areas in Jiangxi in the period of 1928-1945. The contents of social mobilization are very broad. Mainly refers to the modern state reforming of the original system and order, and setting up the new system and order. The K.M.T Government tried a number of reforms in all areas during this period. In this paper, mainly selected land tax reform, Land reform, food hierarchy and the rural cooperative movement to research. Reason for selecting these four aspects, first of all is that this four aspects all involve of rural areas, is the main aspects of social mobilization of the modern state in rural areas. The second, the four aspects of the reform is also closely interlinked. This article also starts as those four aspects in to observe of the process of social mobilization of K.M.T Government in Jiangxi. And examine the pros and cons of the social mobilization of modern state.The first part is the land tax reform. This part start with a variety of issues land tax collection in the early 1930s first to highlight the need for reform of land tax. Second, expound the measures of the land tax reform, analysis of its development context, advantages, disadvantages and the distinction between the old tax collection systems. The last, appraise the achievement of the land tax reform in 1930s.The second part is the Land Reform. Jiangxi Land reforms can be divided into three stages. The first is Land Aerial Survey before Anti-Japanese War. The second is land manual measurement of initial stage of Anti-Japanese War (before 1941). The third is The Land Census after 1941. This chapter analyzes the three stages first, inspect the system creates inspection process, including the Lands institutions and its staff member, funding, and measurement methods, achievement, etc... The second, to inspect the quality of the figures derived from the three land census. From those, to analyze the effectiveness of the Land Reform. At last, to inspect the land value tax including identification of land value, land value tax and the relationship between the old land tax, land value tax on the role of equalization of land rights.The third part is the Food Hierarchy. Food and food market, there is a close relationship. So, this chapter begins with the changes in the food market before Anti-Japanese War in Jiangxi, analyze its inherent links with the food hierarchy. And then deep analyze the formation process of the Food Hierarchy in Jiangxi, including the institution of food marketing, food storage and so on. Since the implementation of food hierarchy, food order was re-established in Jiangxi. The chapter concludes hierarchy effects on food, including the role of the Food Hierarchy of the food supply, the stability of food markets.The fourth part is the rural cooperative movement. The rural cooperative movement is carried out because of the rural economic crisis. So, this chapter starts from the rural economic crisis in Jiangxi in 1930s, include of the loss of the rural labor force, land barren, rural industries dying, and the exhaustion of finance. And then, expound all aspects of the rural cooperative movement before Anti-Japanese War, emphasizing on the expedition of the institution. The last is the rural cooperative movement in the war, focusing on researching in the rural cooperative movement changes in the war.