| Dunhuang Studies is very valuable for researches on Chinese history, geography, culture, palaeontology, art history, linguistic, phonology, Chinese and foreign cultural exchange history, religion, ancient technology and many other aspects. It's not only a all-rounded Chinese Buddhism Art encyclopaedia, Dunhuang Cave is also a very well preserved Buddhism Art Museum. Dunhuang fresco doesn't only inherit the original essence of Buddhism, it also represents the multi-features of Buddhism localized after coming into China. Especially the new Chinese unique features of Buddhism culture after clashes with Confucianism and Taoist.On many frescos in Mogao Cave, we can see many scenery of music and dance performances. These performances doesn't only represent the respects people during that time pays towards Buddhism, it is also important graphical data for music, dance and life in many dynasties. This thesis is based on"Dunhuang Music and Dance Fresco"to look Buddhism Opera development at that time. It also studies the religion and leisure life of people during that time and how they look forward to the world of Buddha. In the topic"Performance of Music and Dance", it is study of performing history of Chinese Buddhism Opera development. And under"Performance Space", it is study of theatre history of Chinese Buddhism Opera development.This thesis has seven chapters other than introduction and conclusion. Chapter one is foundation of opera and how Buddhism comes to China. It starts with"Religion Ceremony Theory"and"Ancient Dance Theory". Then expands from"Religion Ceremony in ancient painting"into rising of Chinese Fresco . Together with Buddhism coming into China, it effects the development of"Dunhuang Fresco"Chapter two introduces basic information of Dunhuang Music and Dance Fresco. Part one is history and natural environment of Dunhuang and Dunhuang Caves. Part two is Dunhuang Fresco- the starting, production method and artistic characteristics of Fresco. And part three is gereral description of quantity, content and categories of Dunhuang Fresco.Chapter three starts to describe the"Music"and"Dance"of Dunhuang. The creation of Dunhuang Fresco is to propagate Buddhist Sutras. The contents of music and dance in the fresco are to show the beauty of world of Buddha. To beautify the caves, the artists painted music and dance paintings in many corners in the caves to try to represent the holiness of pure land. It also helps to give happy atmosphere filled with lively spirit to the caves. It gives people the bailment of spirits and vision of great lives in the future. The source of these paintings are reflect of life of Palace, Society and Religion at that time.Chapter four tries to describe dramatization of Dunhuang Music and Dance. We know that Dunhuang music and dance is the reflection of palace music and dance, Buddhism activities and civil leisure. Take the Popular talk of Tang Dynasty for example, in order to explain Buddhism theory to normal people, they've simplify the contents of Buddhist Sutras to a understand story. And during the whole process, Buddhist reverends preach Buddhism with painting. We can see these lecturers as performers, the devotess as audience, and the surroundings of lecturers as settings in theatre. Together with music and dance, it becomes a space in theatre combining performing and viewing which includes elements of painting, music and dance. And the performance of music and dance can be looked at as opening performance back then.Chapter five uses the concept of unlimited and thoroughness of space in Buddhism to describe the varies states of space in Dunhuang Music and Dance performance. Then analyze the space properties of music and dance performance in the paintings.Chapter six uses what's left of the performances and activities from that period to examine Dunhuang Music and Dance. For example comparasion of Japanese religion ceremony and ancient Chinese temple religion activies. The relationship of Japan's Kabuki, Noh and Joruri's relationship with Buddhism.
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