The Road To Calm Down Petition

During the period between 1990s and the Tax Reform, there was a small petition climax dominated by the rights-defend petition. However, the peasants petition problem didn't bring too much threat to the rural governance. The main reason was that the indirect governance mode provided a better institutional and structural condition for the village cadres to retort to the peasants petition effectively.After the Tax Reform, the rural governance has gradually changed from indirect governance mode to direct governance mode by the promotion of the state. In this process, the individual rights awareness is improved, and the power of the collective is weakened. At the same time, the individual reason expands too much, the interests-seek petition becomes highlighted in all kinds of peasants petition. The performance of rural petition governance has been deepened because of non-differentiation between the rights-defend petition and the interests-seek petition, and a new peasant petition climax has happened.The state strengthens the stabile responsibility of the local and grassroots government, but makes them more and more passively, and the rural petition governance has dropped into trouble. In this background, the interests-seek petition is spreading, and shapes more and more households of petition. As a result, the petition industry has come into prototype. This means that the rural petition governance has jumped over the simple problem of dealing with the nail were of petition, and got a dark color of governing the interests-seek petition, especially the households of petition.As the pressure of petition governance becomes greater and greater, the grassroots government has to struggle to cope with it, and elevate the petition governance work to a high degree of politics. Development and stability becomes the double major tasks of the grassroots government, and the both things shape the behavioral logic of the grassroots government. For the purpose of social stability, the grassroots government has to spend the cost of reducing its political legitimacy, and sacrifice its governance ability.This shows that the state tries to strengthen the monitor of the grassroots rural society by promoting the transformation of rural governance and carrying out the direct governance mode, but gets an unexpected result of weakening the infrastructural power. The weakening of the infrastructural power constraints the operation of arbitrary power, and both the arbitrary power and the infrastructural power have been weakened. So, in order to promote the transformation of the state and build a modern state, we should not only intensify the monitoring of the grassroots represents, but also remodel the structure of rural governance, strengthen the ability of the grassroots government and rebuild the middle layer. And then, we should strengthen the infrastructural power fundamentally, and revert the validity and legitimacy of the operation of the arbitrary power at the same time, so as to make the state power operate at the normal governance track.All in all, the state-build of China still faces the problem of how to make the state power go into the rural community, and this doesn't mean only the state power sink into the rural community, but also means how to make it dock with the rural community effectively, and it is also that the development of the infrastructural power.