The Research On Integrated Seismic Acquisition And Processing Based On High Precision Positioning

GPS technology is more and more widely used in all aspects of the nationaleconomy, the field of geological exploration earlier introduction of GPS technology isalso used widely in the field, has been widely used in all aspects of geologicalexploration. The more conventional methods are mainly two kinds: one is ordinaryhandheld GPS accuracy requirements (allowable error of about10m) positioning in theenvironment, such as field geological study, geological sampling, large-scale exploration ofgravity, electricity exploration, magnetic prospecting. Second is to use the dedicateddifferential GPS technology and equipment, the positioning accuracy can reach centimeter ormillimeter widely used in the high positioning accuracy requirements of the occasion, such asseismic exploration in the gun point and receiving point measurement, small-scalegeophysical exploration and engineering exploration, earth displacement measurement andlandslide monitoring and other occasions.The above two methods does not exist in one hundred/one thousand small-scalelevel of the field of geophysical exploration time and cost issues, but need to berepeated in ten thousand/one hundred thousand3D seismic exploration andconstruction of hundreds of thousands of receive positioning measurement, time, andcost price has seriously hampered the development of3D seismic exploration. Rely onordinary handheld GPS positioning device, unable to complete high-precisionpositioning, high labor costs traverse the receiving point; differential GPS and totalstation, using real-time RTK technology tens of millions of each. The high cost of theequipment and a lot of labor costs has led to large-scale exploration, only part of thecontrol point precision GPS positioning, and other visual or measurement ropeestimated measurement accuracy of less than a modern high requirements of accuracyexploration. And laid measurement instrument operating procedures, there is a setmeasurement flag (flag) natural and anthropogenic factors destroyed. The seismicexploration IDM been hoping to have a GPS function on each measurement point(detector), real-time measurement of the position of a measuring point (detector) inthe field, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the measurement point(detector), to improve the dimensional the accuracy of seismic exploration. Butordinary for the acquisition of integrated GPS chip, the positioning accuracy is verylow, ranging between a few meters to tens of meters, which is far less than thedemand of seismic acquisition station location.So, if the carrier phase difference (RTK) technology is applied to an ordinaryGPS receiver, to achieve the acquisition station GPS chip low-cost high-precision positioning,3D seismic exploration in the time and cost issues, will have a practicaland far-reaching significance. However, in the international competitive environment,the United States is in the military, national defense and economic interests, foreigntechnology blockade, the only agent of their outsourcing products. Response to theseproblems, this paper uses ordinary low price the GPS-OEMStar development board,through study and research-based the GPS ephemeris solver principles and GPS staticrelative positioning of the carrier phase difference principle (RTK), developed withindependent intellectual property rights of earthquake exploration GPS data receivertechnology, GPS ephemeris solver technology and seismic exploration DifferentialGPS relative positioning technology, focusing derived for seismic exploration basedon OEMSTAR development board GPS differential positioning formula withindependent intellectual property rights, it needs to be the base station and roverdifferential observation equation linearization to eliminate the base station and roversatellite and receiver carrier phase and clock error and lists the corresponding errorequation and normal equation, obtained in accordance with the principle of leastsquares adjustment of baseline vector, known by the base station coordinates, so thatordinary GPS positioning accuracy to centimeter level from60-120, successfullydeveloped the GPS data reception software and GPS data processing software,complete set based on the the GPS-OEMStar development board the seismicexploration dedicated Differential GPS positioning system, and the receiving andprocessing of the actual data to prove the practicality and feasibility of the program,based on the the seismic exploration ultra-multi-GPS orderly arranged, low-cost,high-precision GPS positioning, to meet seismic exploration needs. On this basis, thecloud-based3D seismic exploration GPS positioning method, the synchronousacquisition of information through high-speed parallel mechanisms, real-time GPSsoftware signal processing methods and high-performance positioning model forexploration in three areas, solve the problem of large-scale exploration GPSpositioning cloud cloud collection, storage and transmission, informationcollaboration, processing and scheduling problems in the study cloud services, theestablishment of position cloud model for large-scale exploration applications,high-performance differential positioning method completed studies for large-scaleexploration GPS positioning mechanism, provided technical support for the futuredevelopment of3D seismic exploration. On the basis of high precision positioning,we asked the positioning of seismic exploration, acquisition, processing, integrationenvisaged, and the seismic data processing in the first step static correction done toobtain a P-wave and the converted wave are applicable to Based on the the wavefieldstatic correction method, simulated and real data processing, to prove the feasibilityand effectiveness of the method. In the actual data processing, we use for seismicexploration based on OEMSTAR development board differential GPS positioning method corresponding to the detector surface elevation data, and apply it to a staticcorrection continuation process, and achieved good effect, which also proved toposition the acquisition is right to deal with the idea of integration.This paper summarizes and analyzes the current seismic exploration in GPStechnology and cost issues, pointed out that the future of3D seismic explorationdevelopment needs of positioning technology, which leads to the idea of low-cost,high-precision positioning of ordinary GPS chip differential technology, an overviewof the construction of the differential and differential systems at home and abroad, theclear prospect of seismic exploration Differential GPS positioning system; thenintroduced to analyze the composition of the GPS satellite signal and GPS satelliteephemeris, summed up the C/A code and P code characteristics of the composition ofthe GPS navigation message format has been described, focusing on the ephemerisparameters, and wherein the specific meaning of each parameter represented by thesolver technology laid the foundation for subsequent Ephemeris; then various aspectsof GPS positioning error analysis, pointing out the need for differential anddifferential of three methods: position differential, the pseudorange differential andcarrier phase points to illustrate and analyze their respective advantages anddisadvantages, on this basis, proposed to build in the future seismic exploration GPSdifferential system, highlighting the importance of the data link; followed byinstructions on the the seismic exploration GPS differential protocol RTCM message,and seismic exploration pseudorange differential frequently used message types18,19and seismic exploration carrier phase difference frequently used message20,21tobe analyzed and summarized the four messages similarities and differences, accordingto the parity law and bit transformation method, designed for seismic exploration ofGPS differential Agreement encoding and decoding process; followed by introductionOEMSTAR development board performance indicators, technical parameters, datainterface and RINEX data format, mainly derived for seismic exploration based onOEMSTAR development board GPS differential positioning formula, it needs to bethe base and rover differential observation equation linearization, the elimination ofthe base station and rover satellite and receiver carrier phase and clock difference andlists the corresponding error equation and normal equation, based on the principle ofleast squares adjustment can be calculated on this basis, we propose a cloud-based3Dseismic exploration GPS positioning method, through the introduction of cloudcomputing model, the acquisition of exploration cloud cloud cloud storage, cloudtransmission, cloud collaboration, cloud processing mechanism research,exploration-oriented positioning cloud model, exploration dedicated Differential GPShigh-precision positioning approach, to carry out the actual simulation andexperimental verification, the development of large-scale exploration GPS positioningmethod prototype system, to reduce the cost of large-scale GPS terminal effect; finally developed a GPS data receiver technology, the study of the GPS ephemeris solvertechnology, designed for seismic exploration based on OEMSTAR development boardGPS differential positioning algorithm flow through the actual experiment, northeastof days from a positive relative error and the actual error and the side position, northeast ofdays position standard deviation, distance and fuzzy The drift rate of the algorithm to do adetailed feasibility studies, the accuracy of the algorithm in centimeter conclusion, while thestability of the algorithm is also very high, to fully meet the demand for seismic exploration.Provide technical reserves for large-scale exploration of the application of a dedicated GPSpositioning method. On the basis of high precision positioning, we asked the positioning ofseismic exploration, acquisition, processing, integration envisaged, and the seismic dataprocessing in the first step static correction done to obtain a P-wave and the converted waveare applicable to Based on the the wavefield static correction method, simulated and realdata processing, to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. In the actual dataprocessing, we use for seismic exploration based on OEMSTAR development boarddifferential GPS positioning method corresponding to the detector surface elevation data,and apply it to a static correction continuation process, and achieved good effect, which alsoproved to position the acquisition is right to deal with the idea of integration.In this paper, through the study of low-cost high-precision positioning GPS,obtain the following results:(1) Developed GPS data receiving based on OEMSTAR development boardtechnology with independent intellectual property rights, the GPS ephemerissolver technology, GPS RTK differential technique.(2) Derive the RTK Differential positioning based on OEMSTAR development boardformula, the design of the the RTCM message encoding and decoding processes, and bythe actual experiment, the GPS low-cost high-precision positioning.(3) Developed a based on OEMSTAR development board GPS data receiversoftware and GPS data processing software.(4) Put forward the idea of cloud-based3D seismic exploration GPS technology andthe future positioning of3D seismic exploration, acquisition and processingequipment integration, and the first step in seismic data processing staticcorrection, a P-wave andconverted waves are applicable based on the thewavefield static correction method, and obtained with the seismic explorationGPS differential positioning method corresponding to the detector surfaceelevation data, a combination of both, achieved good treatment effect.