The Research On The Electronics For The Silicon Tracker Of High Energy Particle Detection

The Van Allen radiation belt is composed of high energy charged particles which surrounds the earth in the near earth space. And it is highly related to the solar activity and the geomagnetic field. Space charged particle detection is one of the main ways of space science research which plays an important role in some fields, such as solar activity and space weather monitoring, thunderstorm activity and the coupling mechanism research of the earth space radiation environment, etc.The bursts of high energy charged particles, which may be associated with the earth’s electromagnetic anomalies, were detected by the Russian MARIYA satellite as early as the1980s. This phenomenon was later confirmed one after another by GAMMA satellite, PET satellite, etc. The energy range of Instrument for the Detection of Particle (IDP) on the first earth electromagnetic satellite-Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions (DEMETER), is between70keV and2MeV. It observed lots of abnormal phenomena of space high-energy charged particles that linked with artificial source of VLF, geomagnetic storms, lightning and other factors. To study further whether there is clear correlation between the earth’s electromagnetic anomalies and space energetic particle suddenly and violently, the energy range of high energy charged particles detector should be extended. The high-energy electrons (100keV～50MeV) and protons (2MeV200MeV) detected by the High Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) onboard the China Seismic Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) put forward higher requirements to both detectors and electronics design.The HEPD consists of three probes:the high energy probe (HEPP-H), the low energy probe (HEPP-L) and the solar X-ray monitor (HEPP-X). Multiple kinds of signals should be read out and processed by the electronics system, such as silicon detector signal, PMT signal, et al. The general scheme of electronics and trigger logic is independently designed by the thesis’author under the direction of the advisor. And the dataflow of the detector is considered fully, which is also the technical direction of the subsystems design. Besides that, the prototype system of silicon tracker is completed by the author after tacking several key technological problems.The silicon tracker of HEPP-H is composed of two pieces of Double-sided Silicon Strip Detectors (DSSD), and the telescope of HEPP-L is composed of two pieces of Au-Si surface barrier detectors. With deep study of measuring technique of silicon detector, the front-end electronics of low-noise and high sample rate based on the Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) is designed. According to the features of silicon detector and the charge sensitive preamplifier, the charge decay and distribution techniques are researched deeply and applied to the front-end electronics. The experiment results have great agreements with the distribution theory result. That’s the solution to the problem of increasing the dynamic range of the front-end ASIC.The data acquisition and preprocessing system is designed to control the front-end electronics and transmit scientific data, which has the following main functions:data acquisition, pre-process, logic control, data transmission and energy spectrum analysis. Not only has the prototype system of data processing been realized, the work made of HEPD in the flight model phase has been considered.In order to check the performance of the silicon detector readout system, various experiments are designed and the experimental results are analyzed. The noise, linearity and crosstalk of electronics system are tested. Furthermore, some other tests are conducted, such as the radioactive source experiment, the cosmic ray experiment and the laser experiment. According to experimental results analysis, it is proved that the silicon detector system works well.In addition, the author’s work introduces a series of reliability design of payload onboard the satellite. The scaling circuit and current-limiting circuit are developed to overcome the irradiation effect of electronics. And irradiation experiments of HEPD are designed, such as single event effect (SEU&SEL) experiment of ASIC, total dose radiation effect of the detector, electronics, etc.