Germ Plasma Characteristics And Laboratory Rearing Of Wild Rhesus Macaques(Macaca Mulatta)in Anhui Province

As a new genetic resource of macaque subspecies, rhesus macaques from Anhui province haven’t been empoldered. Germ plasma characteristics were studied by investigating their biological characteristics, thus this can build the basis for experimental study models development. The technology pathway of laboratory rearing was studied when CV closed colony was established. Behavioral characteristics, morphological characteristics, physiological characteristics and hereditary characteristics were surveyed, the main results as follows:Copulation behavior, aggressive behavior and amicable behavior were observed by scan sampling in mating and no-mating season, there existed significant difference (P<0.01)in the copulation behavior of wild macaques outweigh that of the first filial generation. In mating and no-mating season, obvious difference existed in aggressive behavior (P<0.05) and no obvious difference existed in amicable behavior. There were significant difference between wild macaques and the first filial generation in copulation behavior and aggressive behavior, because the first filial generation macaques were mainly sub-adult, furthermore, they were good-natured. The aggressive behavior rate was lower and the amicable behavior rate was higher when the sex ratio of female to male was6:1and1:1in wild macaques and in the first filial generation cages, respectively. Therefore, one male and several females in the wild cage and the same number between males and females in the first filial generation cage were reasonable.Physiological parameters were measured by SPSS for Windows17.0, the weight of adult males, adult females and sub-adult females have significant sexual difference (P<0.05). the trunk length had significant difference (P<0.05) among different age groups. There was no obvious difference between wild macaques and the first filial generation macaques (P>0.05). which can explained that the macaques were not influenced bv environmental conditions. Routine physiological Indexes and biochemical parameters indicated that, there was no obvious difference between males and females (P>0.05). They were on normal level in the same conditions. There existed significant difference in ALP, TG and GGT between wild males and females (P<0.05), and no obvious difference in other parameters. There existed significant difference in ALB, Ca, TG and GGT between the first filial generation males and females (P<0.05). There existed obvious difference between BV positive individuals and BV negative individuals except AST, BUN and CHOL, which mainly because physiological indexes and biochemical parameters were influenced by their immunity and physiological state.14microsatellite loci primers were selected by PCR-based typing. Genetic structure of wild macaques and the first filial generation were analyzed. The average number of allete was10.7and11.1, respectively. The average heterozygosity was0.7987and0.7639, respectively. The average polymorphic information content was0.7713and0.730, respectively. Compared by wild macaques, the genetic diversity of the first filial generation was decreased. In order to prevent close mating, we selected6primers for paternity verification, the accurate rate exceeded95%.In the process of closed colony establishment, BV, parasite and pathogenic bacteria of the wild macaques and the first filial generation macaques were detected. Results showed that all the indexes had come to CV level. Therefore, BV was the only and necessary exclusion. The environmental quality parameters and indexes of main nutrition were up to CV standard. Pedigree was needed to be constructed so as to define the genetic background.35macaques were tested by6loci, and the technology pathway was found, thus large-scale individuals could be identified.On the whole, the basic technology pathway and methods were found. Behavioral characteristics, morphological characteristics, physiological characteristics and hereditary characteristics were learned about. This could provide a basic theory for further definition of genetie resources and development of new experimental animal models.