Formation Evaluations For Lower Indus Basin Using Seismic Inversions

The Lower Indus Basin in Pakistan has its significance and has proven oil and gas potential in Pakistan. To explore it on basis of advance technologies of exploration geophysics the present study has carried out to open new horizons in the field of exploration Geophysics i.e. formations evaluation and reserves estimation which is very valuable interms of exploration as well as production. The seismic inversion technology has been used to identify structure and stratigraphy of the area and to understand trapping mechanism of hydrocarbons as well as to perform reservoir characterizations. We have developed the new methodology of petrophysical seismic inversion to link the seismic inversion with formation evaluations. The research is comprehensive summary of research outcomes on assessment of reservoir estimations and quality which thoroughly combines the result of both seismic interpretation and seismic inversion, especially the application of modern technology using seismic attributes and a new approach of petrophysical seismic inversion for Lower Indus basin to provide reliable information for the purpose of reservoir estimationThe important conclusions of this dissertation are mainly represented in following five aspects:1) Basin subsurface structure and regional stratigraphic study are carried out in detail from seismic interpretation and well correlation for the research area in Lower Indus Basin, in order to understand the depo-centers of the area and the direction of sediment influx.2) Cretaceous sands of the lower Indus basin having massive and basal sands will be taken as perspective for research which contain a lot of control points after many discoveries in these sands.3) Seismic data inversion approach is used for a first time in Lower Indus Basin of Pakistan.4) Formation evaluation will give significant contribution in hydrocarbon reserve estimation in Lower Indus Basin as this type of research is a first attempt in this area.5) On the basis of above mentioned study, prospective evaluation and generation will be given for Lower Indus Basin.On the basis of formations evaluations for Lower Indus Basin the suggestions are as follows (l)The reservoirs modeling of Lower Indus basin should be aims to integrate data from various sources into consistent models to describe rock properties of the reservoir. (2) As estimation of reservoir properties from seismic data is a complex nonlinear inverse problem so deterministic and probabilistic method should be developed to solve the problem and to estimate reservoir model. (3) Structure and stratigraphy should be evaluated on basis of seismic inverse technology in all other basins as well. (4) These advance technologies of geophysics on Lower Indus Basin will show new horizons in the field of petroleum exploration.(5)These are important to perform reservoir characterization to delinate the unexplored parts of lower indus basin as well as studies in the other Basin.This Dissertation mainly divided five chapters. The first chapter, a brief Introduction to research area & available Data including Introduction, research importance, available data, seismic data of lower Indus basin, well logs and well tops information of Lower Indus Basin, data preparation, research achievements. The second chapter briefly on tectonics and stratigraphy of the research area. The third chapter deals with seismic interpretation and seismic modeling. The fourth chapter brief describe seismic inversion in details in aspect of research area respectively and chapter fifth briefly focus on formations evaluations. The last chapter summarizes the thesis conclusions and put forward the problems existing in the thesis and future research direction.