Human Milk Composition Study And The Comparative Study On Key Components In Breast Milk And Infant Formula

Dietary nutrition is an important for the infants of 0-12 months, breast milk is the best food. Without breast milk, infant needs formulas supporting. The nutritional quality of breast milk and formulas affects infants’health on both short-term and long-term. The human milk composition study can improve the quality of breast milk and formulas. This dissertation studed the content ranges of key compenents of breast milk, the change of human milk in lactation, and the reasonableness of standards for infant formulas in China throught multimethods.The dissertation consists of 4 studies. The method of study One is a cross sectional study of key components of breast milk. This part, involves identifying and analyzing the content and distribution of 20 key components of breast milk in three lactational stage, studying changes and influencing factors of content and distribution of breast milk composition, and discussing the stable and unstable contents, which may be related with the maternal lack or supplement.The method of study Two is a follow-up study of amino acids and fatty acids in breast milk. Focused on this period from delivery to 12 months postpartum, this part collects continuously the breast milk for 8-12 times, and observes the diachronic change of the content and distribution of amino acids and fatty acids in breast milk.The method of study Three refers to review. The 94 studies about breast milk composition since 1995 in China were analyzed.The study Four method refers to comparative study. This study compared to the content range of components of Chinese breast milk, the standard of infant formula for 0-12 month babies in China, the DRIs for 0-6 month infants, and foreign standards of 0-12-month infant formula.Studies above draws the results:1. To identify the content range of protein (amino acids), fat (fatty acids), lactose,9 kinds of minerals,6 kinds of vitamins in 3 lactational stages and carbohydrate in transitional milk of Chinese breast milk.2. The content of amino acids drops significantly during lactation. The total amount of amino acids declined rapidly in the first 1 week, droped slowly over 8-60 days, and remained stable. The content of breast milk from Beijing and Shenzhen has not significant differences. Types of fatty acids (FA) increased over lactation, the total amout of FA increased in the first 1 month, decreased in 30-60 days, and again increased since 60 days, but these changes have not statistic different significantly. PUFA, DHA and ARA contents of breast milk from Beijing and Shenzhen have significant difference, while that of SFA and MUFA have not.3. The content of Macronutrients in infant formula has high fit degree with that in breast milk. Due to the factors such as the source, reduction in circulation, digestion and absorption rate and nutrition status in infant body, Micronutrients in infant formula are higher than that of breast milk. Compared with foreign couterparts, the content of vitamin B2, vitamin B12 and vitaminC is significantly higher than that of foreign countries’.The conclusions include, (1) To obtain the content range of key components of milk from healthy Chinese mothers. (2) The standards for 0-12 months infants informula in China are mostly reasonable and suitable.