The Study Of Analytical Model For Synonymous Psychological Verbs

This paper studies the study, annotation and discrimination problems of synonymous verb. The paper introduced the concept of metalanguage, a language used to explain the meaning of words, as well as a tool used to analyze the meaning of words, to the study of synonym, and proposed a set of synonymous analytical model to the study of synonymous verb which included five main steps, namely:the investigation of dictionary definition and discrimination of the analysis object, substitution analysis, generalization of semantic features, paraphrase and lexical discrimination. Also, relevant analysis methods are proposed as well. Again,9groups of synonymous psychological verb are studied, annotated and discriminated in accordance with the proposed analytical model. Therefore, the paper is denominated "The Study of Analytical Model for Synonymous Psychological Verb".In the past studies, the meaning of synonym is usually analyzed from syntactic perspective or mingled with syntactic characteristics in. semantic description. Pure semantic study is thimbleful and only described word meanings from a few prespective. As a result, the study of lexical meaning cannot be deepened. Synonym study began at1950s. Although the research history is rather short, many important topics have been discussed. Having finished and analyzed the previous studies, it is found that five problems relating to the study of word meaning need to be solved before the discrimination of synonym, including the choice of study method, the classification and analysis of semantic phenomena, division of sememe, and the similarity of synonym, and the like. Solved those problems, what we would obtain are the semantic features of the synonym. Although the semantic features that we obtain can be used to annotate and discriminate synonym, in what way can they be used for synonym discrimination is another problem we come across. Therefore, the study of language used for synonym discrimination touches upon totally six problems.Having referred to the previous research, two hypotheses which have critical impact on the classification and analysis of semantic phenomena in the study are made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, they are: First hypothesis:the paper assumed that language has two functions. First is for the reflection of reality. Second is for the expression of thought and emotion. Thus, there are words reflecting reality and words expressing thought and emotion in synonym. As to the later, when expressing thought relating to subjective existence and emotion, the expressions used are related to the feelings of man.And, when reflecting reality and expressing thought relating to objective existence, the expressions used are related to facts. Therefore, there are facts related expressions and feelings related expressions in language as well. Manifested in lexical meaning, words relating to facts have semantic features related to facts while words relating to feelings have semantic features related to feelings. Lexical meanings are constructed either by the semantic features related to facts or by those related to feelings. Facts and feelings are the factors dominating the construction of word meaning. Since the nature of word meanings related to facts or feelings have totally difference semantic phenomena, it is possible for us to recognize semantic phenomena with the help of these two characteristics so as to understand the word meaning correctly.Second hypothesis:the paper assumed that the semantic features’categories of cognitive activities should be relevant to cognitive activity, including nature of the content, as well as the object, method and characteristics of cognition. On the other hand, cognitive activity itself is an activity, therefore, from the point of view of activity, object, method, characteristics, aim, result, together with the nature of the activity may also relate to the matter.With the establishment of the assumptions, according to the practical needs of the study of synonym, a set of procedures about the study, annotation and discrimination of synonym is set up. The whole procedure includes five main steps and relevant analysis methods. Details are mentioned in chapter two.Chapter three is the group study of synonym which makes use of the analysis methods and steps proposed in the research ideas in chapter two. The findings show that the principal problems of annotation and discrimination of word meaning in the past are circular reference, indeterminacy of number and content of sense, and vagueness of semantic features. Through the study of semantic field of synonym, the new annotations determine the locations of the sememe of synonym in the semantic system. As a result, sememe of synonym can be distinguished efficiently. Again, the similarity of synonymous sememe can be highlighted. Moreover, sememe are differentiated according to the properties of content, and sub-sememe are segmented according to the need of clarification of annotation and discrimination of word meaning. And, synonym are annotated and discriminated in accordance with the type of the nature of the sememe. Besides of these, semantic features which have word meaning distinguishing function are compared accordingly. Summarization of division of labour of words meaning is given as well. New annotation and discrimination avoided circular reference and clarified the number and content of sense of each word. The subtle differences of the semantic features of synonym are also reflected in the comparison of sense and in the comparison of semantic features as well.The analytical model for synonymous verbs proposed here is established upon absorption and inheritance of the previous studies. Besides the study of9groups of synonym here, what other words can apply this study method? In chapter four, by means of association, it is found that at least61words in circular reference in dictionary can apply the study method here for the study of lexical meaning, and for the annotation and discrimination of word meaning as well. In addition, with the enlightenment of the valuable semantic rules seen in chapter three, the paper pointed out that the recognization of meaning of semantic unit may be set about from the relative relationship of facts and feelings which may embody in the content of the unit.