On Western Marxism’s Utopian Thought

Utopia is a long and rich theoretical topic. Today, the development trend of the utopian theory that its existence fields are from the traditional theory to the various branches of disciplines, and remains a strong vitality. So it is very necessary to study it. The Western Marxism utopian thinking is new forms of utopian theory that it profoundly criticizes various social contradictions of modern capitalism. In recent years, the Chinese academic circles close attention to the Western Marxism, but still not enough research on utopian thinking, even the doubts generated of the use of the utopian concept in the interpretation of domestic scholars and translation. The utopian concept becomes further generalized, although not so obvious signs of traditional utopian theory. As concept’s use of the misreading more diverse in academia and daily, it is necessary to re-defined it in the Western Marxist theory perspective. Analysis of Western Marxism utopian thought can clarify the interrelated theoretical confusion, help to re-understand utopia which is the human’ s unique transcendence and creativity in behind of the political phenomenon and a certain ideology, then plunge into the human numerous social and historical process of change, to face the challenges of real life.This thesis is based on utopian theory of existing Western Marxist and other scholars and practice of utopia. Based on the philosophical interpretations of the Western Marxism utopia, this paper studies the history development logic of Western Marxism utopian. Moreover, the positive significance of the research-paradigm of Western Marxism is explored and the ideological prejudices of the majority of scholars on utopian thinking are broke out. It gives new time-meaning of the utopian thinking, so that it can maintain the vitality in the dystopian discourse compete for ideological leadership, and promote the social harmony and scientific development. Utopian paradigm problem field and functional properties of the transition is the result of the change of socio-politics and economy. Therefore, the research must adhere to the lead function of core values, so as to expand the path of innovation and research of Marxist. In this study, the basic idea is to explore the criticism a transcending of Western Marxism utopian thought about the traditional western utopian concepts, which is based the utopian rethinking. To Combine the status of the development of Western Marxism utopian thought and to analyze major issues contained in its thinking. And trace the underlying mechanism of the marginalization. Go into Western Marxism era predicament in the era of globalization, and explore the path of contemporary utopian thinking critical reconstruction.Chapter one in this thesis combines the skeleton of utopianism from the perspective of philosophy, and interprets the thought resources of representative about the traditional utopian and contemporary utopian, then to explain their basic connotation and typical features. Chapter two pointed out a significant turn of the contemporary utopian thinking difference to substantialism utopian from the research-paradigm of Western Marxism. And summed up the reason that the Marxist camp has been misreading the utopia, and generality provisions of’contemporary utopian’. The contemporary utopian ideology of Western Marxism style and practice generated are studied in this thesis; Chapters three and four excavated the focus and theory of value about Western Marxism utopian, from aesthetic and social construct two logical aspects respectively; read the utopian text from different theory an social background of typical reprehensive; As far as possible promulgated its self s the logic of theory development for historical context of contemporary utopian; showed clearly the spirit of Utopia and negativity critical significance about contemporary aesthetic Utopia; and explored possible ways to achieve utopian socialism between its being on the scene and not being. Chapter five studied the new relationship of Utopia and Ideology in Western Marxism utopian thought and the difference of theory of Ideology between different scalars. Based on the studies about Ideology of the western Marxism, this chapter attempted to further clarify the complex relationship between Ideology and Utopia, analyzed concept conversion of contemporary utopian in the middle of ideological thinking, and tried to analyze the implicit new relationship direction in the middle of Communism. It inspected the response to Western society dystopian thought from the Western Marxism utopian:Firstly, the traditional utopianism resulted from the concept into action blindly; Secondly, latitudinarian critical content to Utopianism; Thirdly, conversely defended Utopia from the logic; Lastly, further discussed how to overcome the negative factors of the utopian but publicity the positive factors, when intellectual has been faced with’the death of Utopian’. Chapter six emphatically studied critical reconstruction of utopian thought under the modern field of vision which has been on the basis of close correlation between history-modernity and contemporary utopian. Restored new type historical consciousness of Western Marxism utopian that objectively criticize extremism such as "the end of history", and so on. Interpreted the diagnosis of contemporary utopian under modern context, and probed into the reconstruction possibility and the inherent limits of contemporary China utopia from idea-system and practice perspective.The Characteristics and innovation of this paper is below:Firstly, re-evaluate utopian thought, reasonably understood the status and fate of Western Marxism utopia. Being marginalized and Liberalism generalization resulted in utopian spirit degradation.The rapid social transformation led to utopia which has fallen into excessive criticism and loss of self to some extent. Western Marxism utopian thought has the historic mission of the utopian philosophy revival.The paper believed the understanding of utopia neither lacking the necessary scientific understanding of social reality nor just staying in the speculative imagination. From a cultural value or social construct level, the utopian spirit given up can be got back again. The utopian spirit given up is the dialectical negation to the traditional utopia and of benefit to social progress in order to avoid the value of checks and balances and system closure. It can realize the actual specific ideal of society rather than the complete ideal which will result to the rejection of utopia. It underlies in the reconstruction of the Western Marxism contemporary utopia in the framework of Marxism. Construction of Western Marxist utopia is trying best to provide a new way of thinking, so as to maintain a certain tension between reality, history and value. And expand the field of view of Marxist theory in order to restore and improve critique of social reality and the ability to reflect.Secondly, The paper points out Western Marxism of contemporary utopian thinking which involves utopia by a main multivariate alternative to the monism, focus on the space-time by two dimensions of dialectical considerations, from a social utopia to cultural philosophy paradigm of aesthetic, highlight the argument of their body theory, from the object of the nonhuman hope to survival significant personal hope which rooted in the presence of a human freedom and hope. Turn towards a number of areas extending from a single political theme, which has realistic overall trait turn, reflects the tradition of utopian thinking offside unified with contemporary homing. This article pointed out the Western Marxism utopian achieved the turning of multiple theoretical and reached the criticism and beyond of the utopian ideas of the Western tradition of social. The exchange between the theory and practice was realized based on the differences between the core values, academic strategies, knowledge of pedigree and social function.At last, the paper explained the contemporary utopian ideology of Western Marxism; it had its own evolution logic. From the history logical of Western Marxism, its contemporary utopian thinking has a relative certainty of the development process. From ontological argument by Utopia to expand aesthetic utopia imagination; From utopian social and political outlook to the biology utopia, contacts utopia, cultural criticism utopia and the utopia of the evolution of the space-time dialectic,two lines of contemporary utopian was defined and combed, in order to learn from the lessons of traditional utopia, and to reflect on their dogmatic may result in the marginalization of predicament. This paper argued with the utopian thought further interpreted by the new Western Marxist such as Fredric Jameson, Harvey, Jacoby,and broke out the plight of the overall expansion of post-modernism and post-Marxist "Utopia" ideological, and remodeled utopia overall liberation the meaning of time and space.In this paper, the combination of historical generation and logic analysis, the interdisciplinary cross-study method, the overall research methodology, practice interpretation, dialectical thinking methods and so on were used.