The Study Of Gu Ding

People in modern Northeast China have been humiliated in the historical period from 1931 when the Mukden Incident broke out to 1945 when Japan announced an unconditional surrender. In the 14-year period when Japan occupied Northeast China,30 millions Northeast people were conquered, with more than a million square meters of land becoming a hell. As described by Jie Xueshi in the New Compilation of the Puppet Manchukuo, "the ruling mode that Japanese invaders took in the occupied area of Northeast China differed from that taken for other occupied areas. Meanwhile, in the world’s imperialist colonial history, Manchukuo appeared as a state, which was a typical case that relied on military colonial rule and plunder."Gu Ding and his literary works exactly made their appearance against such distorted cultural background. As a representative writer in the literary circles of the puppet Manchukuo, Gu Ding presented his major literary works in Japanese colonial ruling period. Taking Hsinking, the capital of the puppet Manchukuo, as the stage, Gu Ding revolved around extensive themes and literary styles such as essay, poem, and novel, and presented hundreds of works, such as the collection of essays(Half-known Collection and Tan), the collection of poems(Ups and Downs), and the collection of novels(Struggle and Bamboo Forest). All these works have shown his extraordinary talent and arts influence. At that time, he has developed his distinctive style in the literary circle of the puppet Manchukuo.Undoubtedly, the literary creations of Chinese writers constituted a large proportion. Gu Ding’s literary works were not only an important part of the literary circle of the puppet Manchukuo, but also an existence in the extension line of the May4 th New Literature Movement. If contemporary literature history is seen as a whole, a chapter should be left for Gu Ding’s literary achievements. Not only did his essays inherit the styles and quintessence of Lu Xun to utter sharp words against the weakness of Chinese traditional culture, but the characters and images such as Qian Jingbang, Huo Youjing, Zhe Jinhua that he wrote also became the encyclopaedia of the puppet Manchukuo society under Japanese colonial ruling. Gu Ding, suffering many mishaps in his literary life, has not only attracted censures when he was alive,but also died a restless death. In 1964, when he was only 50 years old, he passed away in a prison of Liaoning like a Hesperus that went across the literary circle of the puppet Manchukuo. Since childhood, he has received the education about Japaneselanguage and culture. Not only did modern Japanese literature become his significant writing resources, but his ideology and behaviors were influenced by Japan, and even massive Japanese cultural factors have exercised an influence over all his life. He pretended compliance, swallowed insults, and insisted on literary pursuit despite the danger, without doing anything wrong to country and nation. When being educated at Peking University, Gu Ding has once been involved in the Left-wing Literature Movement, and forced to give up his political pursuit after being arrested. From that time, he emphasized that literature should be the existence of de-politics, thus becoming the leader of the largest literary and art organization- Art and Literature Record School in the literary circle of the puppet Manchukuo as well as the standard-bearer of the so-called Great East Asian Literati.People have made different comments on Gu Ding due to his special experience and literary pursuit in the period of the puppet Manchukuo. Not until the mid-1990 s,was the Selections from Gu Ding published. In the writing process, the author deeply feels that there is much room for the improvement in Gu Ding study despite having bypassed these difficulties.