Research On Phase Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Overall Perennial Training Process For Elite Badminton Athletes In China

Overall perennial training is the important practice component required to cultivate sports talents. The fact that China’s badminton competitive level has remained at the forefront of the world for decades provides strong evidence in research of overall perennial training. This dissertation explores the process characteristics and related influencing factors of the overall perennial training of China’s excellent badminton athletes, which provides a reference on athlete selection, training, management and supervision. The major results are as follows.1.The overall perennial training of China’s excellent badminton athletes can be divided into basic training phase (including the enlightenment phase and basic phase), special item improvement phase, best competition phase, and high-level maintaining phase.2.The ages to start training and the training duration in years are:(1) The ages to start the enlightenment training are7-9years old and6-8years old for men and women athletes, respectively; the ages to start the basic training are9-11years old and8-10years old for men and women athletes, respectively. The training duration for this phase is3-5years.(2) The ages to start special item improvement training are12-14years old and11-13years old for men and women athletes, respectively. The training duration for this phase is3-5years.(3) The ages to start training in best competition phase are18-20years old and17-19years old for men and women athletes, respectively. The training duration is4-6years.(4) The ages to start training in high-level maintaining phase and the training duration vary. The determination of the age to start badminton training provide a reference on selection, management, and training quality.3.The characteristics of each training phase:(1) The basic training phase:cultivate interest and initially screen talented players; comprehensively develop physical fitness and master basic skills and simple combination of skills; low strength and low training load; skills are improved quickly in this phase.(2) The special item improvement phase:refine skills and majorly focus on tactics; comprehensively develop physical fitness and enhance special qualities, form unique play characteristics, have good control and adjust ability; training load is gradually increased, approaching to the limitation; skills are improved quickly in this phase.(3) The best competition phase:increase competition opportunities and achieve excellent results, accumulate game experience and game control ability; heavy strength and heavy training load; competition results are wavy.(4) The high-level maintaining phase:reduce the occurrence of injury, targeted training based on opponent’s characteristics, and take advantage of rich game experience; maintain training strength and significantly reduce load; achievements stagnation or decline period.4.This dissertation screens the influencing factors qualitatively and quantitatively in a more objective way for overall perennial training using analytic hierarchy process (AHP):The key layer consists of the training ability of coaches, the management ability of coaches, the creativity of coaches, and etc.; the major factors include athletes’injuries, athletes’volitional quality, athletes’motivation, and etc.; the auxiliary layer contains training system, management system, research development, and etc.; the environment layer is comprised of national attention, economic input, social support, and etc.The mainly related counter measurements to promote the implementation of overall perennial training are:promote coaching team construction, strengthen training study and communication and develop coaches from retired excellent athletes; expand quantity and quality of reserve team, particularly reduce injury and improve the athletes’mental attitude and education level; improving sports management, particularly via government support, society sponsorship, unification of learning and training, and market-orient; increasing social support, particularly the formless support via media communication.