Study On The Cultivation Of Competitive Sport Reserve Talents Based On The Transformation Of Development Mode In Shanghai

At present, as every walk of life in China encountering new normal, accelerating transformation of development mode is an objective trend, a basic requirement of scientific development concept, and moreover, an overall strategic decision under the reform and opening-up policy and socialist modernization. With the sport industrialization and nationwide fitness being set as national strategy, original competitive sport development mode is driven to be in continuous and fast-paced adjustment and change; particularly, sport reserve talents cultivation of sustainable development of competitive sport has successfully come to its critical point. In recent years, Shanghai municipal government has drawn up the plan to be superior in sport in response to china’s effort for the sport power, in which competitive sport is a significant symbol as well as a name card of Shanghai. A batch of famous athletes representing Shanghai’s sport development have retired, such as Yao Ming(“Height of Shanghai”) and Liu Xiang(“Speed of Shanghai”). Their retirement has put a growing burden on the cultivation of sport reserve talents in the background of socialist market economy. As a result, major missions for Shanghai academic community and sport department start to concern how to transform the function of government and integrate resources to initiatively meet the requirements of marketization and socialization; how to further change cultivation system of sport reserve talents from large in size and quantity to the strength in quality; and how to reestablish an innovative reserve talents safeguard mechanism fitting in Shanghai’s characteristics.This dissertation realizes the integration of theory and practice by focusing on two issues that “based on transformation of development mode” and “cultivation of competitive sport reserve talents in Shanghai”; using multidisciplinary knowledge of management, sociology, economics, pedagogy, selection of sports talents, theories of sport training, study of sport competition, youth Olympic events training program and relevant development theories, human resource theory, goal orientation theory and synergy theory; applying research approaches such as historical line, literature study, experts interviews, typical case analysis. Researching from the perspective of theory and history, on the basis of painstaking effort to transfer development mode and by seeing sustainable development of competitive sport as starting point, the dissertation clarifies the value logic of the training program, refers to sport training experience home and abroad; reviews basic course and stage characteristics of the reserve talents training in the whole country and Shanghai; analyses current situation of Shanghai’s all-around development of education and the “combining physical training with education ”, and innovative reserve talents training performed by social force based on the change of government management; explores Shanghai’s change of juvenile training mode focusing on quality and effectiveness, and its design of competition system focusing on basic skills and talents-training. On those basis, by learning from successful experience home and abroad and integrating it with Shanghai’s characteristics, the dissertation proposes competitive reserve talents training guarantee in Shanghai based on the transformation of development mode so as to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the deepening of Shanghai’s competitive sport reform and promotion of training effectiveness.Conclusions of this study are as follows.1. Juvenile amateur sport training or after-class training is main form for cultivating sport reserve talents and is crucial to insure sustainable development of sport. In the context of fast-growing socialist market economy and profound reform, Shanghai is in rapid transformation from the simple training and organizing mode of reserve talents focusing on sport system to diversified pattern.2. With reference to sport development overseas, combining sport with education and government with society are universal disciplinarians. Shanghai embodies all-around people-oriented development in its concept and goal of “combining physical training with education”. Both sport schools which incorporate culture into sport and common elementary and secondary schools which organize amateur sport team are important form of the combination of physical training with education. Shanghai encourages and supports social force to train reserve talents and enlarge the scale and the effectiveness by giving full play to the role of market force in allocating resources and taking form of government purchases, gradually shaping an innovative training pattern based on government, market and social force.3. Juvenile sport training is the core part of education. With the aim to improve training quality, and by the way of fully combining Shanghai’s characteristics of geographical concentration and comparative small population, concerning the specialty that teens train in the spear time or after-class, complying with rules of juvenile athlete identification and training, referring to international advanced new training method to improve and perfect concentrated training method for teens and establish innovative indicator system to improve training quality of unit time, all of these are pushing traditional training mode turning toward the modern one.4. Juvenile competition is different from that of adult or professional. It serves as guidance to examine teen’s susceptible training periods and tasks of trainees in different ages. The systematic design of the competition is matched by rule of teen’s physical and mental development and sport training, presenting characteristics of teenagers and sustainable development of people. Shanghai aims at improving competitive benefits so as to catch attention from on the golden medals and champions to be on the basic, comprehensive skill and talents training and by organizing annual innovation contests(take junior ten series as an example) and comprehensive sport meeting held every four years to builds up coordination development mechanism for teen sport competition.5. Realization of reorganization, innovative management and optimization of system provides assurance for Shanghai to train reserve talents. Focusing on these three proposed orientations, this dissertation defines the role and the function of government competitive reserve talents training. Because all factors including training, competition and culture education have major impacts on reserve talents training, reorganized Shanghai research teams coordinately integrate with technology, administration, and cultural education. Their rigid management is turning into a flexible one, and the material-oriented system optimization is transferring to people-oriented one or an all-around education.