| Highway transportation is one of the basic industries of our country, and thedevelopment of highway traffic greatly promoted the rapid growth of national economy andpeople are increasingly aware of the importance of highway traffic. But in our country roadtransport is the main transport way, as the environmental protection problems are concerned,the environment problems of the road traffic are increasingly prominent, therefore thesustainable development of highway traffic is restricted.This paper investigated the environmental items of Baohan highway in Qinling, suchas pollution characteristics of the highway pavement run-off and control measures,wastewater recycling, solid waste resource utilization and tunnel ecological ecology.The contents of the paper are:1. Rainfall evaporation tank volume was calculated by using the rainstorm intensityformula calculation method. For road environment problems, the whole managementsystem of the road bridge deck rainwater collection processing treatment was first proposed,namely "evaporate" filter scheme: when rainfall is large,"evaporate" filter process was usedto pavement bridge deck rainwater collection disposal, the early rainwater enters thedesilting evaporation evaporation pool, and the other rainwater automatically entered intocoagulation filter, then was discharged into water body. And when rainfall is small, therainwater was treated by the desilting evaporation pool. The system fully automatedmanagement, easy to operate, and can realize unattended. According to highway roadsurface runoff pollution problem, the processing method of coagulation precipitation+PACT process was put forward, and comparison coagulant was studied (polymerizationaluminum sulfate and polyacrylamide).In the study of special regional rainwater collection, Shimen reservoir bridge of theBao Han high-speed road in Hanzhong was researched as an example, and the results ofoptimization of evaporation pool volume used as collecting rainwater in the bridge floorcrossing the reservoir showed that, the volume of evaporation pool should be180m3; the sediment gathered in evaporation pool will result in a decrease of the evaporation poolvolume and hazard the water source. So the evaporation pool sediment should be cleared intime.The optimization of process treating rainwater showed that because the early rain hasthe characteristics of the variety, high concentration, pollutants concentration range, seriouspollution, coagulation precipitation+PACT technology should be adopted to deal with therain. After optimization of coagulation sedimentation, polymer aluminum sulfate+polyacrylamide were chosen as coagulation reagents, the dosing of polymer aluminumsulfate is150mg/L, and PAM is5ml/L. After treating, the quality of effluent can reach thelevel2of surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002), the removal ratesof SS, COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, total turbidity were100%,98.0%,99.0%,98.0%,99.8%,respectively. Treated water can be discharged directly into the water body or river.According to slope direction of Shimen reservoir bridge (slope from Shimen tunnel to theNiutou mountain tunnel), and the actual situation of Shimen and Niutou mountain tunnel,the process was coagulation sedimentation tank, collecting basin, filter, biological activecarbon pool, effluent.2. In the study of wastewater reuse treatment in highway service area, it found thatCOD, BOD were the main pollution index of the service area wastewater, the SS mainlywas from washing wastewater; oil pollution mainly existed in car washing wastewater.Ammonia nitrogen content is higher and came from the life sewage especially due to moreflushing waste water. The results of membrane biological reactor process treating sewage inexpressway service area showed that the removal rates of COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen can reach more than90%,93%,99%and80%, respectively. Although theeffect of the MBR reactor treatment is very good, sometimes BOD5and total nitrogen of theeffluent cannot meet the reuse standard. Thus constructed wetland can be used as effectiveguarantee of the MBR effluent. Artificial wetland water has good effect for removing thenitrogen, COD, BOD. The results of Membrane bioreactor+artificial wetland treatingservice area wastewater showed that the removal rates of COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen can reach more than96%,98%99%and96%.According to experimental research and fullydemonstration, the combination process of membrane bioreactor+artificial wetland treatingthe wastewater in Liuba service area and Shimen service area was completely feasible,andeffluent can meet the GB/T18921-2002, the urban sewage recycling-water landscape waterquality standard. The wastewater recycling treatment process: wastewater, septic tanks,adjusts pool, hydrolysis acidification pool, MBR, artificial wetland, disinfection, recycle.3. In the study of solid waste treatment and resource recovery studies, it found thatmixed compost of solid waste from the expressway service area and excess sludge formsewage treatment station can achieve ecological utilization of waste. In the compostingprocess, the temperature of the pile body changed significantly. Temperature over50℃maintained12days, and temperature over55℃maintained6days, which can achieveharmless standards. In the composting process, pH value, first of all, rapidly rose to alkalinerange, peaked in about9days, then had a downward trend until a neutral range. The totalcarbon content decreased significantly before12days, indicating that the high temperaturephase, the microbial activity is stronger, so the degradation of organic matter was quicker.Nitrogen before12days also have obvious drop and decreased by33%. The results showedthat microbial decomposition metabolism was high in high temperature phase, ammonia ismore, and high temperature caused a large amount of nitrogen loss. During the hightemperature phase, the humus content increased significantly.The increase of fulvic acid and humic acid content indicate that compost made towardsthe direction of the humic organic matter transformation. Changes of seed germinationshowed that the high temperature phase is the main phase for organic matter degradation,after composting, the samples reached mature. The composting of sludge form sewagetreatment station and solid waste in Liuba service area and Shimen service area was basicfeasible, the mature compost matter was used as fertilizer for non-edible plants growingbase in nurseries, nursery. The mixed compost process in service area: sewage sludge andsolid waste, collection, mixed compost, pickup.4. Based on the research and practice of Xi’an-hanzhong ecological restoration engineering belong to Bao han highway section of expressway, the environmentaltechnologies were studied mainly for potential ecological problems of Baoji-Hanzhongsection across the Qinling in Bao han highway.These technologies are mainly related to rareanimals channel,function recovery about the slope of soil and water conservation, protectionof water conservation, abandon dross field ecological restoration, replantation of restorationof degraded vegetation, and other ecological transformation points.The targeted mode ofcomposite repairing.In the study of the ecological problems in highway tunnel, cycle is long and scale is bigin the highway tunnel construction, so it has a huge impact on ecological environment. Ifimproper measures of construction, tunnel will affect the ecological environment,atmospheric environment, sound environment, the natural landscape. |
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