The Study On Manchu Polysemy

Polysemy is a general lexical phenomenon in all languages in the world. It is one of the mostcomplex language phenomenon. Because of the fact that basic vocabulary in Manchu is relatively fewand there are too many polysemy in it, we should strengthen the study of polysemy. It is also becauseresearch on polysemy is complex and difficulity, we should study and analyze it from multi-dimensionaspects. In this thesis, we study polysemous words from synchronic, diachronic and cognitiveperspectives.Firs of all, the thesis analyzes the polysemous words from synchronic perspective, determine thescope of the study, distinguish and define the differences between polysemy and homonymy words,and define the semantic structure and context restriction, summarize the common characteristicsbetween the Manchu polysemy and English-Chines polysemous words, and the unique personalitycharacteristics of Manchu polysemy.Secondly,to analyze factors influencing semantic change of Manchu language polysemy from thediachronic perspective.Among them are such objective factors as economy, political system, nationalcommunication, the natural environment, and subjective factors like mode of thinking, aesthetic taste,values, religious beliefs, psychological feelings. The thesis analyzes the types and ways of Manchuwords’ evolution, and the cultural differences between Manchu-Han on the evolution of polysemouswords.Again,to explore the generation, mechanism and semantic structure of polysemous words byusing the theory of cognitive semantics, especially the prototype theory and conceptual metaphortheory.From the part of speech classification of metaphor and metonymy extended function in theproces of polysemous words.Finally,to explore the application value of the polysemous words in teaching, translation anddictionary comilation of the combination of theory and practice. In the translaiton of metaphor,focuses lie in the analysis of students’ability and the special words and proverbs.I hope this thesis can provide reference for the study of the polysemy in the future, and enrich thestudy of lexical semantic Manchu, contribute to promoting the Manchu studies theory and generallinguistics.