A Study On The Ecological Development Of Tourism Industry In The Frontier Ethnic Areas,Northen China

Under the background of the global ecological environmental challenges and the transformation of national development,the development of the tourism industry in the ethnic areas of northen China must follow the natural ecological laws and cultural inheritance laws,and handle the regional tourism economic,cultural and ecological relations to realize the tourism industry ecological development.The premise of the ecological development of tourism industry is the change of development concept.Since the 70s of last century,people have begun to realize the industrialization development model and the market economy system brings many ills.Among them,environmental pollution,waste of resources,ecological disturbance,and the excessive pursuit of material wealth while ignoring ecological value are spread across the globe,resulting in significant welfare losses directly or indirectly to a generation of people,the development of industrialization in the creation of material prosperity and bring about sustainability challenges hitherto unknown.Therefore,the industrial economy must change to the concept of ecological economy.Ecological development of the tourism industry is to follow the ecological economic development concept,conform to the nature,respect for culture,comprehensive utilization of circular economy,clean production,green development means and ideas,realize efficient use of the tourism resources and the coordination relationship of tourism economy,society,culture and ecology,ensure the sustainable development of the tourism industry fundamentally.The ecological development of the tourism industry in ethnic areas of China need to be fully aware of the special zone,and full attention to sustainable regional natural ecology and cultural ecology.So ecosystem stability and good cultural heritage are the two equally important contents of tourism industry ecological development in ethnic areas.Of course,the ecological development of tourism industry in ethnic areas is a systematic project.The tourism industry is a complex system formed in the interaction of economic and social factors,namely "regional tourism industry systerm",tourists,tourism destination residents,tourism enterprises and the government are the main bodies of composition,and regional tourism industry ecological development fundamentally depends on internal relations of regional tourism industry system.According to " the relationship of ecological development of tourism industry in ethnic areas " model,the ethnic regions tourism is consitituted by the tourist’s demand,tourism enterprises’ supply of tourism products and services,and residents of the tourism destination provide cultural and labor resources,with this utilization of natural and human resources together,the industrial system create economic benefits,social benefit and ecological benefit,and final emission of wastes into certain regional ecological system.Moreover,only by realizing the four key links of green production,eco-tourism,cultural heritage and system improvement of the regional tourism industry system,can we realize the ecological and sustainable development of the tourism industry.Among them,the system is the most important of the four key links,which is the key to coordinate the relationship inner the tourism system.Therefore,the government must improve the institutional constraints to encourage the tourism activities to keep benign competition and harmonious coexistence in the premise of respect for the natural environment and ethnic culture.Based on the relationship model of ecological development of tourism industry in ethnic areas as the theoretical basis,three kinds of evaluation index of national regional tourism industry ecological development were established,those are state evaluation,relation evaluation and efficiency evaluation.The state evaluation focus on the implementation status of ecological development of tourism industry,including green production,ecological tourism,cultural heritage and the perfection of the system;relation evaluation focuses on the relationship between regional tourism development and the ecological environment,and the index of "the tourism income per energy consumption" is used,not only reflects the consumption of energy for the development of the tourism industry,but also indirectly reflects the impact of tourism on the ecological environment;efficiency evaluation focuses on the relationship between the input and output of the regional tourism industry investment,including material resources,cultural resources and human resources,and the output includes economic value,social value and ecological value.And the higher the level of efficiency evaluation means the development level of regional eco tourism industry is higher,the same means of the benefit of tourism resources is greater.This paper uses data envelopment analysis(DEA)method make a comprehensive system analysis on the current situation of the development of ecological tourism in ethnic regions in northern China.The development status,relations and efficiency evaluation results show that,nearly fifteen years,both the boad frontier ethnic areas of northern China including Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Gansu and Ningxia,or the narrow frontier ethnic areas of northern China including the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,the ecological tourism industry development level is increasing,however,it is still lower than the national average level,the gap between regions are more obvious,the non balanced and non stability of eco tourism industry in this ethnic areas are more prominent.At the same time,the study found that the ecological tourism industry development level and the level of industrialization is not synchronized,even in many areas showed the higher level of industrialization the lower level of the eco tourism industry,which illusrate thar the industrial structure has an important impact on the development of the regional eco tourism industry.Of course,the ecological development level of tourism industry is determined by many other factors.The path of ecological development of the tourism industry in the ethnic areas need to establish a scientific and reasonable system according to the main functional areas of countries and regions,and based on the relationship model of ecological development of tourism industry in ethnic areas,ethnic areas should build "tourism ecological functional ares",its path construction system includes four key points of green production,ecological tourism,cultural heritage and the perfection of the system,Take the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example,this paper researches on the construction of the regional tourism industry development of ecological function zoning,in the main functional areas on the basis of established separately from one level to the four level of the ecological tourism functional areas,and the different types of ecological tourist areas are incentived and restrainted by ecological tourism and green tourism certification system.So the eco tourism functional areas must reach the green production,ecological tourism and other related requirements.Of course,the government should earnestly implement the tourism system supply responsibilities,actively play a central role in the coordination of tourism industry ecologica development system,especially to the scientific rules and regulations as the main means of management,promote the smooth realization of the key link of tourism industry within the system of green production,ecological tourism,cultural heritage etc..In short,the ethnic areas of northern Chinese need to popularize eco development concept,improve the system of tourism industry,construct green production system of tourism industry,protect ethnic cultural resources,only in this way,the internal mechanism of ecological development of regional tourism industry can be formed the goal of green and sustainable development of regional tourism industry can be achieved.