| The rapid development of tourism industry has promoted the continuous progress of China’s economy and society,promoted the industrial transformation and upgrading in rural areas and increased farmers’ income.It has played a decisive role in the great victory of the strategy of tackling poverty and is an important part of the current rural revitalization strategy.However,judging from the development in recent decades,tourism is not recognized as "green" and "zero pollution".Especially with the frequent problems of disorderly industrial development and environmental overload,the negative impact of tourism on the ecological environment has attracted more and more attention.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the CPC Central Committee has put forward the overall concept of taking the road of green development,and put the construction of ecological civilization in the first place in governing the country.The whole country has launched a vigorous "Green Water and Castle Peak Protection Plan" around ecological civilization.The academic circles have also launched intense discussions and studies around the green development theories of the new era,such as the theory of ecological civilization and the theory of two mountains.Among them,the theory of tourism ecological footprint is an important basic theory to study the sustainable development of tourism in academic circles,which can effectively measure the ecological environment carrying capacity of tourist destinations and is an important measuring tool to guide the tourism industry to take the road of green development and realize sustainable development.This paper takes Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province(hereinafter referred to as Enshi Prefecture)as the research area,constructs six models of tourism ecological footprint based on ecological footprint theory and ecological footprint model,and analyzes the dynamic change law of tourism ecological footprint and tourism ecological carrying capacity by combining the relevant data of Enshi Prefecture from2013 to 2019.Then,on this basis,the tourism ecological surplus(deficit)of Enshi Prefecture is judged,which provides a solid demonstration basis for scientific evaluation of the development of tourism industry in Enshi Prefecture.The main body of this paper is divided into six parts,of which the first and second parts mainly introduce the background and significance of the research,and sort out the domestic and foreign literature and related theories and models.The third,fourth and fifth parts are the main parts of this paper,which respectively calculate and dynamically analyze Enshi’s tourism ecological footprint from six aspects,such as tourism catering,accommodation,transportation,sightseeing,shopping and leisure.Then,combined with the calculation results of ecological carrying capacity,from the perspective of tourism ecological surplus(deficit),the sustainable development of Enshi’s tourism is analyzed in detail.The sixth part is conclusions and suggestions.Firstly,through the research,it is found that:(1)From 2013 to 2019,the per capita tourism ecological footprint of Enshi Prefecture showed a changing trend of first rising,then falling and then rising;(2)The ecological footprint of catering and transportation is relatively high,while that of leisure is the smallest;(3)The tourism ecological footprint is less than the tourism ecological carrying capacity,showing a tourism ecological surplus,but showing a downward trend year by year.Secondly,combined with the research conclusion,from seven aspects,such as promoting the construction of civilized tourism education and establishing the concept of sustainable development,this paper puts forward some suggestions on the sustainable development of tourism in Enshi Prefecture.Finally,the shortcomings of this study and the prospect of further research are expounded. |
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