From "seeing" To "ready-made": The Evolution Of Yangming's Conscience

The proposal of "Conscience" is the sign of maturity about Wang Yangming’s philosophy."Conscience" has become synonymous with Yangming.There are different schools about "Conscience" after Yang Ming because of each interest and the different understanding of teacher.There are "Present or Ready-made Conscience"," Persistent silence’s faction" and "orthodox faction" etc..The three schools’s existence,debate and reciprocate together.They show the rich content of Yangming’s "Conscience".Among them,"Present or Ready-made Conscience" is undoubtedly in the central position of the argument.It takes "ZheZhong Wang Longxi,"Taizhou Wang Xinzhai" and Luo Jinxi etc.as the representative.Their doctrine is the most energetic and influential school.Wang Longxi is a representative scholar of Zhejiang school.He inherited Yang Ming’s method of "The last four sentences".He did not receive Yangming’s advice but only advocating the "The four nothingness".He formed "the Present Conscience "on the base of the superb understanding about "The theory of transcendental morality".Conscience can be seen at the time.But it will lead to the conscience of the speculation and see that specifically explore practice on the forms of conscience.Wang Xinzhai founded the "Taizhou School".His lower social life experience made him pay more attention to how to make conscience theory closest to the concrete life of daily ethics.His theory shows rough and tough on the aspect of subjectivity.Wang Xinhua’s theory of "people’s daily life is truth" is the most representative of the "ready-made conscience".Wang Dongya has dual identity on the disciple of Wang Longxi and the second son of Xinzhai.His study shows a characteristics of the connect of Zhezhong School and Taizhou School which shows the lead and deepen relationship of "the Present Conscience" and "ready-made conscience".The culmination of the Taizhou School is Luo Jinxi.He not only inherited the "ready-made conscience," but also overstates the theoretical level of the Taizhou School.Luo Jinxi proposed "pure conscience like a child" and advocate "get rid of the shadow","mixed comfortable".He pursuits the connection of moral ontology of conscience and natural life closely.The theory has the trend of reflecting on the development of the theory of "ready-made conscience" and natural apperception."Present Conscience" and "Ready-made Conscience "have similar semantic and theoretical relevance."Present trend" means too concerned about the noumenon and practice theory of the perfect;" Ready-made trend"means human daily life and natural apperception,means grasp the conscience rely on perceptral perception.Wang Longxi and Taizhou School becomes "Present or Ready-made Conscience faction".They are similar to each other on theory and problems.There are connections and differences between "Ready-made Conscience" and "Present Conscience " Their differences focus on the theoretical development and evolution of Conscience."Present or Ready-made Conscience faction" is criticized by "Persistent silence’s faction" and "orthodox faction"." orthodox faction " follows the teacher carefully.They criticize "Present or Ready-made Conscience faction" and " Persistent silence’s faction"at the same time.They did not play its due role because they pay more attention to the empirical study in conscience."Persistent silence’s faction" who considers Nie Shuangjiang and Luo Nian’an as representative,study from the weakness of "Present or Ready-made Conscience faction " With the purpose to correct the theory of"Present or Ready-made Conscience faction"," Persistent silence’s faction" starts the debate about opposite views with Wang Longxi and Luo Jinxi.The fully expand of Conscience theory in the angle of transcendence and universal due to "Present or Ready-made Conscience faction "of Wang Yangming’s philosophy.But they also bear the main responsibility of the various abuses about Wang Yangming School in the late Ming dynasty."Speculative play" and "emotional abuse" are the committed errors of Wang Longxi and Wang Xinzhai."Present conscience "and"ready-made conscience "have become the two most representative of the proposition about the drawbacks of Wang Yangming.From "Jiangyou School" to Liu Zongzhou,Huang Zongxi in the late Ming dynasty,scholars are consistent with the criticism of Wang School.They direct at Wang Longxi and Taizhou School.Liu Zongzhou’s theory on "Mystery" and "Unrestrain " refer to Present or Ready-made Conscience.Wang Longxi,Wang Xinzhai and Luo Jinxi are outstanding on the qualifications.They choose the arbitrary aspect according to their interest.Because of their unrest rain and confidence,the culmination of the Confucian mind is pushed into the peak and abyss by them at the meanwhile.These get them into a lifetime trouble.The three people propose a problem about how to use the talence and how to control the unrest rain.