Research On Urban Fire Protection Planning Based On Fire Safety Assessment And GIS Technology

The economic development of China promotes the urbanization,and the city's population is increasing exponentially.As a result,city security problem also gradually highlights,and one of the biggest threats is the city fire.In recent years,the quantity and volume of city fire show obvious increasing trend,and the economic losses,casualties and social impact are also increasing.Therefore,during the urban development,controlling and reducing the city fire have become an important task of the public security fire department,and the fire safety planning is the prerequisite and guarantee for the effective control of urban fire.So the related issues about fire safety planning need to be further studied to provide practical,effective,scientific and reasonable establishment method and the detailed rules for the implementation.Linyi city is considered as the research object in this article,and it mainly studies the layout of the fire station and the construction of fire water supply.Taking Lanshan district for example,we divided it into several regions based on the industry area.Then,using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate related region and sort them.After,draw the fire risk,fire fighting skills,and fire safety profile based on the evaluation results.Through GIS technology and the evaluation results,carry out the fire station planning and the design of fire water supply,making the planning result more practical,more scientific and reasonable and more instructive and operability.As a result,the city's fire safety can increase,and the fire fighting and rescue work will be more effective.Through the analysis and research,the main conclusion is shown as follow:1.Taking Lanshan district for example,we divided it into ten areas based on the industry area.Using the methods of analytic hierarchy process(ahp)and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for each area,the fire safety assessment was carried out and classified.The regional fire risk,fire protection and fire safety profile were also drawn.Therefore,we can effectively control the distribution of hazards,and carry out the fire station and fire water supply planning around them.2.Based on the urban comprehensive fire safety evaluation of Lanshan district,the main fire areas in the city and their spatial distribution were determined,and then the GIS methods was used to optimize the fire station,to achieve a balanced layout and key protection.Take arriving at the edge of the area under the jurisdiction of the fire station within 5 min as the constraint conditions and consider the main and second highways distribution combination at different time to determine the scope of the fire station.Finally,add four city fire stations,which are close to the fire risk big demand points the city main road.The distance between the fire station and the main exports of public buildings or personnel evacuation center,including cinema,shopping malls,hospitals,schools and kindergartens,should not be less than 50 meters.3.In combination with the present water supply and fire safety assessment in Linyi city,make the planning about the pipe network laying of water supply and the set of fire water facilities.By analyzing the problems existing in the present water supply,carry out a reasonable arrangement of water supply pipeline,and a real-time reconstruction of the old pipeline at the same time,in order to meet the requirements of water supply now.In addition,in view of the engineering quantity and the pipe material selection,put forward the corresponding requirements to improve the quality of water supply.Through the fire capability assessment results about Lanshan area of Linyi city,make a fire planning about the fire control facilities,including fire hydrant,fire pool and water intake port,to satisfy the needs of fire safety.At the same time,strengthen the construction of fire control facilities of the danger area.