Research On Relational Game And Coordination Mechanism Of Core Stakeholders In Rural Tourism

The comprehensiveness of tourism determines that it involves far more stakeholders than other industries,and the interest coordination of multi-stakeholder groups attracts the attention of scholars.The research on the stakeholders' interests coordination mechanism in the fields of eco-tourism and low-carbon tourism are relatively rich.In recent years,rural tourism has been developing rapidly,and disputes,petitions and road blockages have been reported due to the uneven distribution of interests among all stakeholders which arouses the author's thinking.The existing researches on the stakeholders of rural tourism mainly focus on the protection of community residents' rights and interests,and the research on the interest coordination mechanism is insufficient.On this basis,this paper selects the interests of the core stakeholders of rural tourism as the research object,conducts research on issues such as the definition,interest analysis,interest conflict and interest game of the rural tourism core stakeholders,and tries to construct the interest coordination mechanism of the core stakeholders of rural tourism.Through literature research,questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews,evolutionary game analysis,statistical analysis and other qualitative and quantitative research methods to carry out research work.Firstly,define the core stakeholders of rural tourism and divides them into management dimension,supply dimension and demand dimension.On this basis,the relationship model and interest conflict model of rural tourism core stakeholders are constructed and analyses the interest demands and conflicts of the core stakeholders of rural tourism,and lay the foundation for the establishment of coordination mechanism.Secondly,the dynamic evolutionary game model of the rural tourism core stakeholders is proposed to analyze the evolution stability strategy(ESS)and replicator dynamics(RD)of three dimensions of rural tourism core stakeholders,calculate the equilibrium stability point,conduct numerical simulation,and analyze the strategy selection process and stability strategy of all.Thirdly,combined with the results of evolutionary game,this paper analyzes the influencing factors and construction mechanism of the equilibrium state of the interest coordination mechanism,and constructs the interest coordination mechanism model.Finally,in-depth interviews and questionnaires were conducted in Yuanjia Village,the first batch of outstanding rural tourism demonstration villages and the first batch of key Rural Tourism Villages in China,to empirically test the interest coordination mechanism of the core stakeholders in rural tourism.Through the above research,four conclusions are drawn: Firstly,establish the relationship map of the rural tourism core stakeholders,rural tourism core stakeholders can be divided into three categories: marginal layer,peripheral layer and core layer,and analyze the core stakeholders of administrative,service and tourism consumers from management dimension,supply dimension and demand dimension.The administrative management party refers to the administrative agencies of all parties as managers,regulators and supervisors,the service providers refers to the rural community residents and tourism operators as service providers and cultural inheritors,the tourism consumer refers to tourists as consumers and experiencers.Secondly,there are interest connections and interest conflicts among the core stakeholders of rural tourism.The administrative authorities at all levels of the government shall provide administrative management,policy support and infrastructure guarantee to service providers and tourism consumers,and obtain tax revenue and service support.Tourist consumer service providers provide tourism products and services,and provide feedback to administrators.Within the service provider,rural community residents provide labor force for tourism operators and earn income.While the three parties are interconnected,there are also conflicts of interest such as land interests,environmental interests and economic interests.At the same time,there are conflicts of interest,such as land interests,environmental interests and economic interests.The resolution of these conflicts is of great significance to the realization of rural revitalization,and it is urgent to establish interest coordination mechanism to solve them.Thirdly,a dynamic evolutionary game model is established to analyze the strategic choice of the core stakeholders of rural tourism.The administrative management choice of "intervention" strategy is a strong guarantee to realize the tripartite equilibrium.The "intervention" strategy chosen by the administrative management has significant impact on whether the service supplier chooses the "integrity" strategy,but has no significant impact on whether the tourism consumer chooses the "support" strategy.After the “intervention” of the administrative management,it urges the service supplier to operate "in good faith" and finally forms a balanced state.Whether the tourism consumers choose the "support" strategy can only influence the evolution trend to some extent,but not change the evolution result.Fourthly,build the rural tourism core stakeholder interest coordination mechanism composed of interest expression coordination mechanism,interest acquisition coordination mechanism,interest sharing coordination mechanism and interest confirmation coordination mechanism.Through the empirical test in Yuanjia Village,it is verified that it can coordinate the interests of the core stakeholders of rural tourism,and it is feasible to guide the coordination of the interests of the core stakeholders of other rural tourism destinations.The main academic innovation points of the research on the core stakeholders of rural tourism are as follows: Firstly,expands the research dimension of core stakeholders in rural tourism.Combining literature analysis to construct the map of rural tourism stakeholders,and integrating the stakeholders of government management agencies,tourism operators,rural community residents and tourists at all levels from management dimension,supply dimension and demand dimension can better control the integrity of the research.The establishment of the relationship model and interest conflict model of rural tourism core stakeholders will help to enhance the abundance and explanatory power of the theory of rural tourism core stakeholders.Secondly,a rural tourism dynamic evolutionary game model is proposed.Different from previous research results,this paper analyzes the evolution and stability strategy(ESS),replicator dynamics(RD),equilibrium point analysis and numerical simulation of the three-party simultaneous game between the core stakeholders of rural tourism.Dynamic evolution model can more accurately reflect the game process between stakeholders,and dynamic evolution game can more truly reflect stakeholders' interest demands and conflicts,which is conducive to the establishment of interest coordination mechanism.Thirdly,establish a mechanism for coordinating the interests of core stakeholders in rural tourism.Based on the stakeholder theory,the actor network theory and social exchange theory,fair theory,combined with statistical analysis,construct the multiple three-dimensional interests coordination mechanism which consists of interest expression coordination mechanism,interest acquisition coordination mechanism,interest sharing coordination mechanism and interest recognition coordination mechanism and through the empirical test.Resolving the conflicts of interests of the core stakeholders in rural tourism and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the core stakeholders have practical guiding significance for the development of rural tourism,which is conducive to promoting rural development and steadily promoting the strategy of rural revitalization.