Ecosystem Services Value Of Greenspaces In Mountainous Urban Area

With a rapid speed of urbanization,the expansion of urbanization has brought about a series of environmental problems.Urban green space is an important part of the urban ecosystem.It plays an important role in urban ecosystems and provides the city with many ecological services.The assessment of ecosystem service value in urban green space not only helps to correctly understand the importance of greenspaces in urban areas,but also provides research support for rational urban green space planning and management,and then continuously improves the quality of urban green space.This study not only helps to better protect and manage existing green space systems,but also has important scientific value for the planning and design of future green space.Compared with plain cities,urban ecosystems of mountainous cites have more comprehensive spatial and environmental characteristics.In recent years,the urban expansions of mountainous cities have led to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the frequent occurrence of geological disasters.Natural geology,topography,climate,hydrology and other natural ecological factors of mountainous cities have a direct impact on its ecosystem.In the metropolitan mountainous area,we defined urban areas as matrix,forests,woodlands and wetlands as patches,and streams and ridgelines as corridors.These elements built up a basis of a functioning ecosystem in the mountainous environment.Obviously,the ecosystem service value of urban greenspaces in mountainous cities has its unique characteristics,which is different from that of plain city.At present,there is a relative lack of research on the assessment of ecosystem services in mountainous cities.This paper is mainly focus on four parts of urban greenspaces in mountainous cities:ecosystem service value and its classification,spatial and temporal evolution of urban greenspaces,evaluation of ecosystem service of urban greenspaces,and planning strategy of urban green spaces based on the ecosystem service value.Based on multi-source remote sensing data,land use vector data and network data of Chongqing urban area in the years 2009 and 2015,this paper used multiple evaluation formula to estimate the ecosystem service value of the study area and analyze its spatial-temporal characteristics during these years.The results showed that due to the changes of urban green spaces,the ecosystem service value of Chongqing urban area showed an overall rising trend.Furthermore,the ESV changes showed obvious regional differences.During the research period,the temporal change of ecosystem service value of Chongqing urban area was correlated with the area changes of forestland,water,grassland and cultivated land.A ecological planning framework was developed accordingly which was viewed as the key to the sustainable urban green spaces in the fragile and intensively developed areas such as mountains.Establishment of such a framework is to achieve the balance between natural and cultural conservation and urban development.The paper demonstrates how to apply this framework through a case study of Chongqing,a typical mountainous city in China.Based on the case study,this paper provides the strategies of urban green spaces planning and green space management.In general,the natural environment of mountainous city may put a limit on the development of the urban area in a is the mountainous city,on the other hand,it is the precious natural resource of the city.Therefore,the natural elements in a mountainous city,such as forests,rivers,ridges,and streams,should be paid more attentions by the local governments.Therefore,it can be said that the key to ecological planning is the layout of green spaces,instead of the general indicators as the coverage area of green spaces.The paper tries to make a contribution to the sustainable planning of green spaces in mountainous cities.