Expression And Mechanism Of Mast Cell Activating Molecules And Their Antibodies In Allergic Rhinitis Nasal Polyps

Objective To analyze the expression and mechanism of mast cell activating molecules and their antibodies in serum and tissues of patients with allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps.Methods From January 2018 to June 2018,all the inpatients in Otolaryngology Department were examined by nasal endoscopy and CT before operation.The experiment was divided into three groups:30 patients with allergic rhinitis(AR group)and 30 patients with nasal polyps(NP group)as the experimental group;30 patients with nasal septum correction after partial inferior turbinectomy alone as the control group(N group).Clinical data,peripheral blood and nasal mucosa were collected The percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood was detected by automatic hematology analyzer.The levels of anti-IgE antibody,FcεRIα and anti-FcεRIαantibody in serum were detected by ELISA.The levels of serum IgE were detected by velocity scattering turbidimetry.In allergic rhinitis group,specimens were taken from inferior turbinate mucosa after deviation correction of nasal septum and partial resection of inferior turbinate;in nasal polyp group,specimens were taken from nasal polyp tissue during operation,and pathologically diagnosed as polyp after operation;in control group,nasal turbinate mucosa tissue was removed.HE was used to observe the histopathological changes of the three groups.Immunohistochemical method was used to analyze the expression of tryptase and FcεRIα in the experimental group and the control group.Results The percentage of eosinophils,IgE,anti-IgE antibody,FcεRIα and anti-FcεRIα antibodies in allergic rhinitis group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05);the percentage of eosinophils,FcεRIα and anti-FcεRIαantibodies in nasal polyps group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between IgE and anti-IgE antibodies and control group(P>0.05).There were significant differences in eosinophil percentage,IgE and anti-IgE antibody levels between allergic rhinitis group and nasal polyp group(P<0.05),and the allergic rhinitis group was higher than that of nasal polyp group;there were no differences in FcεRIα and anti-FcεRIαantibody levels between allergic rhinitis group and nasal polyp group(P>0.05);HE staining and immunohistochemical results indicated that allergic rhinitis group and nasal polyp group had no difference.There was no significant difference in eosinophil infiltration between the two groups;brown tryptase-positive mast cells and FcεRIα-positive mast cells were found in the submucosa and interstitium of nasal mucosa.Conclusion The high expression of FcεRIα and its antibody in the serum of patients with allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps suggests that this antibody system is involved in the occurrence and development of allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps.Local allergy with mast cells as the core plays an important role in the occurrence and development of nasal polyps.The possible role of mast cells in the formation of nasal polyps and the specific mechanism deserve further study.