Social Segregation And The Reproduction Of Poverty

As a worldwide problem,the problem of poverty has received wide attention.The causes and governance of poverty have aroused the discussion in academic circles and promoted the reflection and deepening of the practice of poverty governance.Under the deepening of the national precision Poverty alleviation mechanism,China has entered the stage of poverty eradication and decisive victory.Since there is a close link between the reproduction of rural poverty and the effective implementation of poverty eradication policies,it is more urgent to comb and reflect on the reproduction mechanism of poverty.Scholars use "low equilibrium level Theory","Flat Pressure theory","Weak accumulation theory" and "Social Exclusion theory" to interpret the reproduction mechanism of poverty.The logic of the "Low equilibrium level" is that the poor,who initially lacked capital or other elements,fall into a vicious cycle of poverty because of a lack of conditions to improve their own plight.Under the logic of this interpretation,subsidies through material resources or funds can disrupt the cycle chain that the poor cannot freely choose.The reality is that welfare policies,far from helping the poor to lift themselves out of poverty,can even lead to unintended consequences of returning to poverty again.The concept of "Flat pressure" assumes that the same values and codes of conduct are enjoyed within the community.The community will directly inhibit or disrupt individual movements and upward efforts by exerting flat pressure to keep suppressed members in the same or similar positions as others in the community.This view is appropriate to explain the persistent poverty of traditional or special tribes,ethnic groups and their members,while the reproduction of the poverty of the more common groups and individuals in modern society lacks explanatory power.The view of social exclusion that exclusion from the outside social world constitutes the loss of certain social rights of the poor and the negative psychology that shapes the poor,while negative mindsets can guide the actions of the poor and thus fall into the cycle of poverty,with the blind spot of simplifying the relationship between social actors,That is,attention is paid only to the role exerted by other levels of groups in poor groups,who believe that the poor can only be in a state of passive commissioning.Whether the poor will take the initiative to participate in the construction of relations with other groups,whether the motivation and consequences of relationship construction will affect their own state of poverty,has become an important breakthrough point to explore the reproduction mechanism of poverty.Taking "Social isolation-Self-isolation-Reproduction of poverty" as the analytical framework:The presentation of daily life style is the logical starting point for exploring the relationship between poor groups and other groups.Daily life style specifically involves residential mode and space allocation,eating habits and image appearance management,cultural input and so on.The diflferentiation of daily life style strengthens the boundary between the poor group and other groups,and the social segregation and self-isolation are produced in this process.In a specific village,it is embodied in the segregation of daily interactions between poor groups and other groups,the segregation of ritual human feelings,and the segregation of village political participation.Residential mode and spatial allocation,dietary consumption and body(image)management,cultural input and other aspects reflect the differentiation of poor groups and other groups in the style of daily life.In particular,there are differences in residential patterns and spatial allocation between poor groups and other groups in residential areas,whether there is private space,and the pursuit of life efficiency and taste.In the aspect of dietary consumption and body(image)management,there is inevitable taste and the differentiation of free taste,dress and daily nursing of the body.In the aspect of cultural input,there exists the way of leisure time control,the application mode of media and the differentiation of educational idea and mode of children.The practice form of daily life not only constitutes social differentiation,but also becomes the expression channel and strengthening mechanism of social differentiation,which strengthens the boundary between the poor group and other groups.The differentiation of living space,leisure time arrangement and communication consumption content has molded the separation of the daily intercourse between the poor group and other groups.Ritual human rules dominated by the rich in villages constitute human exclusion and a double separation of poor groups.The struggle and indifference of the rich and the poor,who are actively involved in village politics,form the separation of village political participation.Further deepening the survival and development state and psychological evolution of the poor groups in the process of local excavation is found that the public value of the poor is being deconstructed in the ghetto,and the poor people who have lost their social value gradually withdraw from the village competition,and then lose the endogenous development motive force.As a result,the motivation for social interaction among the poor is further diminished,which in turn will lead to a shrinking human circle.Poor people who cannot borrow from social networks are gradually losing opportunities for development.The continuity and transitivity of the habits of the poor promote the continuation of individual poverty and the intergenerational transmission of family poverty,so weak accumulation constitutes the reproduction of poverty.