Quantum Metrology Researches Based On Spectral Lamp And Magneto-optical Effect

The magneto-optical effect uses matter in magnetic field to change the dispersion or absorption properties of the near-resonance light field,and it is one of the main methods for humans to study the microscopic world.There are many kinds of magneto-optical effects,including Zeeman effect,magnetooptical double resonance effect,Faraday effect,magneto-optical Kerr effect and so on.The magneto-optical effects can be used to accurately measure the magnetic field.Atomic magnetometer based on the Zeeman effect and the magnetooptical double resonance effect is an instrument that converts magnetic field measurement into frequency measurement,and is currently one of the most sensitive means to measure magnetic fields.Atomic magnetometers have important applications in the fields of geophysical research,archaeological excavations,basic scientific research,biomedicine,engineering construction and environmental protection.Atomic spectral lamp is a light source which ionizes the gases by the use of gas discharge and emits light.Before the advent of lasers,atomic spectral lamps were the main light sources for studying the interaction between light and atoms.After the emergence of lasers,atomic spectral lamps still have a wide range of applications due to their small size,non magnetism,low price,and stable spectral lines.The main research works of the author during the Ph.D.period include the study of atomic magnetometers based on electrodeless atomic spectral lamps and magneto-optical effects,the study of atomic magnetometers to measure ocean background magnetic noise,the study of the application of atomic magnetometers in the construction of ultra-low noise current sources and the ultralow noise magnetic field,and the study of Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filters based on cathode lamps.Firstly,for atomic magnetometers based on the electrodeless atomic spectral lamps and magneto-optical effects,the parameters and driving methods of the cesium electrodeless atomic spectral lamps are studied with emphasis,and an engineering prototype of the self-excited cesium lamp pumping magnetometer has been successfully developed.Secondly,the engineering prototype is used to measure the magnetic noise of ocean waves in the Huangdao area of Qingdao.A pressure sensor was watertight installed with the engineering prototype to measure the information of ocean wave with magnetic noise synchronously.The correlation of the magnetic noise and the ocean wave was validated by the experiment.Thirdly,this engineering prototype is used to construct an ultra-low noise current source and realize an ultra-low noise magnetic field re-measurement.A method of measuring current with a magnetic field coil and an atomic magnetometer and feedback suppression of current noise is proposed,and the current noise is successfully suppressed to nA level.Finally,the author studied the application of atomic spectral lamps and magneto-optical effects to optical filters.The use of cathode lamps can break through the limit of saturated vapor pressure and greatly increase the number density of atomic energy levels at room temperature.Therefore,many refractory substances and the excited states of the substances can also be used as the working substance of the optical filters,which can greatly expand the bands of the optical filters.