| Since the 1990 s,the concept of eco-efficiency and its evaluation methods have been applied to the management and measurement of sustainable development.A series of action plans for sustainable development,marked by agenda 21 st century,from the perspective of harmonious development of ecology and economy,the coordinated development of population,resources,environment,economy and society in the regional development of different spatial scales has become a widely accepted development goal,which is scientific,guiding,comparable and dynamic and operational sustainable development evaluation system,domestic and foreign scholars from different research angle,formed a large number of theoretical model,index definition and calculation method of sustainable development evaluation system.However,these index systems mainly focus on the ecological design of products,system development and guide the sustainable development of enterprises and other micro-areas,but also lack of well-defined,widely applicable evaluation index system.Overall,the core idea of ecological efficiency is to meet the needs of human high quality life,at the same time,the whole life cycle of the natural system of labor and environmental impact,to at least with the Earth’s estimated existence of the same level of interest,that is,the smallest ecological impact to produce the most economic value,and finally achieve the economic and environmental benefits win-win situation.This coincides with the concept of sustainable development and is currently recognized as an easy to use sustainable development level management evaluation tool.Industrial eco-efficiency is the specific application of eco-efficiency concept in industrial field.From the background of industrial eco-efficiency research,industrial development brings enormous material wealth to mankind,and also causes environmental pollution,ecological destruction and lack of resources,which threatens the survival and development of human beings increasingly.By rethinking the process of industrial development,mankind began to realize that "the consumption of resources and environment-production consumption-waste discharge" one-way production mode has been unsustainable.As a comprehensive index to measure the economic and ecological benefits of industrial development,industrial ecological efficiency as soon as the domestic and foreign scholars pay more attention to it,the connotation of industrial ecological efficiency and ecological efficiency is similar,which is the contribution of ecological capital consumption to maintain or promote the sustainable development of the whole economy,society and environment system.The difference is that the impact of industrial production on the ecological environment has two special characteristics:Firstly,the industrial production process needs to invest a lot of resources and energy;Secondly,the production process inevitably produces a large number of pollutants,causing serious damage to the ecological environment.Therefore,in order to improve the theoretical basis of industrial ecological efficiency,improve its application in the field of industry depth.At present,the focus of research on industrial ecological efficiency in academia includes: first of all,the perfection of theoretical system.The systematic development of the related concepts,theoretical foundation and influence mechanism of industrial ecological efficiency;meanwhile,the innovation of research methods.Innovation and application of evaluation index system,evaluation method and evaluation model of industrial ecological efficiency;Third,the application of concrete practice.The industrial ecological efficiency is used as a measure and management tool to serve the specific evaluation target,and by combining the characteristics of the evaluation object,the appropriate index method is selected to evaluate the ecological efficiency of the specific industrial field or level,and the development characteristics of the evaluation object are found.In view of China’s current industrial economic growth model and ecological environment of the contradictions between increasingly acute."Twelve-Five" to present,China’s coal,electricity,natural gas,liquid fuels,such as the four major categories of energy products used in the industrial proportion of the continuous rise,petrochemical,metallurgy,chemical industry has become the most energy consumption departments.According to the data of Global carbon Program(GCPP)and the New York Times,in 2017 China has emitted more carbon dioxide from fossil fuels than the United States and Europe combined.Industrial carbon dioxide emissions account for nearly 30 percent of the global total,about 7.1 million tons of industrial wastewater discharge is the first in the world.The rapid growth of industrial economy leads to the continuous deterioration of ecological environment quality.In view of the fact that industrial sustainable development is an important driving force to promote economic sustainable development,combined with the current situation of industrial development in our country,this paper based on the theoretical results from home and abroad,will answer the following questions through the relevant research in the light of the current research of industrial eco-efficiency.What is the mechanism of industrial and ecological convergence to produce efficiency? What methods and models are selected for evaluation? Does the spatial differentiation of industrial ecological efficiency exist? What factors affect the level of industrial ecological efficiency? By what means can we control the development trend of industrial ecological efficiency? Can we realize the equalization and development of regional industrial ecological efficiency?Through the thinking of this series of questions,we can sort out the research track of this paper "Theoretical basis and theoretical framework of industrial ecological efficiency--Evaluation system of regional industrial ecological efficiency--Spatial pattern of regional industrial ecological efficiency--Influence factors of regional ecological efficiency--Path revelation and policy suggestion".This paper based on regional economics,ecological economics,geography economics and political economy and other related multidisciplinary basic theory,from the industry and space two aspects,macro,meso and micro three perspectives,static and dynamic two dimensions,review,comb,analyze and predict the development of industrial ecological efficiency trajectory and development trend,The following main research results can be summarized as follows:Firstly,many achievements have been made in ecological efficiency research at domestic and abroad,but due to the influence of methodology,eco-economic system complexity and data availability,a perfect theoretical model has not been established.On the basis of existing research results,this paper further clarified the implication of industrial ecological efficiency,that is,taking ecological growth and environmental growth as the basic principles,taking into account the economic benefits of capital,labor,technology and other productive factors and the environmental benefits of natural resources investment,which is important tools for evaluating and managing the sustainable development level.At the same time,based on the scarcity theory of classical economics and the theory of static economy,this paper analyzes the substitution of industrial technology progress and scale enlargement on the relative scarcity of ecological capital,and then reveals the operating basis and development trend of industrial ecological efficiency.Secondly,according to the concrete situation of the ecological development of the regional industry in China,based on the basic idea of the environment-economic ratio efficiency proposed by WBCSD,in order to solve the traditional data envelopment model in the environmental evaluation,there is no ability to deal with the unexpected output,this chapter has established the natural dispositi and management disposition environmental DEA crossover model,evaluates the industrial eco-efficiency in 30 provinces of China during 2005-2016 years,and borrows the concept of scale,intensity and texture of spatial pattern.The spatial pattern of industrial eco-efficiency in China,that is,the size of industrial eco-efficiency,the difference of efficiency between regions,and the distribution of various types of regions are evaluated.At the same time,combined with the characteristics of industrial production factors dependence,37 industries are divided into three major categories of industrial industry,light industry and High-tech industry,through the calculation of the ecological efficiency of three categories of industrial industries,set up three major groups of the forefront of the group and the common forefront,and the industry clustering characteristics of the horizontal and vertical analysis.Thirdly,the main factors that cause the regional industrial ecological efficiency difference in China lie in the heterogeneity of ecological technology innovation and industrial structure layout.In order to make this empirical theory supported by relevant data and empirical analysis,this paper adopts the panel threshold regression model.The threshold effect of the two main factors leading to the regional differentiation of industrial ecological efficiency is verified,and it is found that there is a significant "U-shaped" threshold effect between the two factors and the industrial ecological efficiency.On this basis,the mechanism of the two factors on the industrial ecological efficiency is further clarified.Fourth,according to the traditional modeling methods,which are based on the hypothesis that the variables are random and the interfering terms are irrelevant,the influence factors of the regional industrial ecological efficiency are influenced by the spatial lag model of spatial econometric model and spatial error model,examines the spatial effect of 2005-2016 years provincial industrial eco-efficiency,and found that the error impact of industrial eco-efficiency in the region is higher than the spatial spillover of the industrial eco-efficiency of the adjacent space units.Regional industrial eco-efficiency has a significant heterogeneity in space,which is related to the regional distribution of various explanatory variables and to the size of spillover capacity.Finally,the thesis of this paper is to analyze the spatial differentiation of ecological efficiency from the regional angle,therefore,in the conclusion,according to the present situation of regional industrialization and the core ecological position,combined with the results and empirical analysis of the regional industrial ecological efficiency in the fifth chapter and the sixth chapter,the 30 provinces are divided into three types of regions.Draw lessons from the practice of the eco-transformation of regional industry at domestic and abroad,the paper offered the regional policy proposals based on the thinking of local conditions. |
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