Research On The Relationship Between Ecosystem Services And Urbanization ——A Case Study From Jiangsu Province,China

The negative effects of ecological environment caused by rapid urbanization have become one of the hotspots in the study area of urban ecology and sustainable development.The process of urbanization involves changes in urban land use,population,economic and social aspects,and its process distorts the structure and functions of ecosystem,while the sustainable development of cities depends on the continuous and excellent providing of ecosystem services.Therefore,maintaining the functions of the ecosystem in the process of urbanization,so as to provide a series of ecological services for urban development,to ensure the sustainable development of the city is essential.This research selected the typical area experiencing rapid urbanization—Jiangsu Province as the study area,to clarify the relationship between urbanization and regional ecosystem services,and explore the integration of ecosystem service theory into regional management decision-making,which can be supporting for Decision-making,the planning of national land space,the formulation of “three lines and one sheet”,and the formulation of ecosystem protection policies in Jiangsu Province.This study has important practical significance for the future preparation of land space planning in Jiangsu Province and the implementation of the theory-“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”.Based on the theory of ecosystem service and landscape ecology theory,this research selects Jiangsu Province as the study area and studies the following four items:(1)based on the land use data of Jiangsu Province from 1985 to 2015,studied the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of urban land use;(2)studied the spatial and temporal dynamics of five types ecosystem functions,including habitat conservation,water supply,carbon sequestration,water purification and sendiment retention within the past30 years in Jiangsu Province;(3)taking sixty two counties as samples,identified the relationship between the urban land ues factors,the types of urban expansion,urban compactness index and socio-economic factors and five types of ecosystem functions;(4)taking Lianyungang City as a case study,evaluating the interrelationship between urbanization and ecosystem quality applying the method of a coupled degree of coordination from 1985 to 2010.The main research results were as follows:(1)Between 1985 and 2015,the land use change in the province was characterized by the rapid expansion of urban construction land,the sharp reduction of agricultural land area,grassland,tidal flats and tidal flats,and the increase in the area of agricultural aquaculture ponds.In the past 30 years,the urbanizaing speed has been accelerating overall.The urban area expansion intensity had grown relatively slowly in each city before 2005.The expansion speed had accelerated after 2005,and the expansion was maintaining a high speed since then.In the preliminary stage of urbanization,urban expansion was dominated by infilling type and edge-expansion growth,and the infilling type growth accounts for a relatively high proportion;after entering the stage of rapid growth,there will be a higher proportion of outlying type development areas around the central city,when entering the later stage of urbanization,the proportion of infilling type growth areas had increased.In the process of urbanization development,the Continuity Index and the Moran's I Index of each county showed a gradual increase,and the Gini index continued to decrease.(2)From 1985 to 2015,in the process of urbanization,the natural habitat was disturbed,the area that is not suitable for biodiversity conservation continued to expand,the quality of habitat was generally degraded,and the area those habitat quality upgraded was very tiny;the carbon sequestration capacity was decreasing,the carbon storage decreased by 4.74%;the water production function showed a small fluctuation,and the overall trend was declined;the nitrogen retention increased first and then decreased;the sendiment retention was gradually increasing,and the growth of soil conservation is related to the growth of urban areas.(3)There was a significant negative correlation between the proportion of urban area,urban growth area and habitat quality.The Gini index of urban shape was positively correlated with the quality of habitat;urban growth area,urban shape continuity index and economic density and carbon storage was significant negative correlation;there was a negative correlation between the proportion of urban area and urban edge-expansion type and water production;there was a negative correlation between the proportion of urban area and nitrogen retention capacity,urban growth area,population density and nitrogen holding capacity had a positive correlation;there is no significant correlation between urban land use factors,urban expansion types,urban shape index,and socio-economic factors and sendiment retention.(4)The coupling degree of coordination between urbanization and ecosystem quality showed an inverse U-shaped curve from 1985 to 2010 in Lianyungang City.As urbanizing process acclerating,the coupling degree of coordination experienced a switching from barely balanced development to superior balanced development,and then decreased again to barely balanced development.