Research On The Utilization Of Biomass Solid Waste To Prepare Wall Decoration Materials

At present,the resource utilization of solid waste in China is facing prominent problems such as high production intensity,insufficient utilization and low added value of products.The preparation of biomass composites from biomass solid waste and plastic solid waste can not only reduce environmental pollution and energy consumption but also promote high-value utilization of solid waste.Powder agglomeration and filler accumulation cause irregular gaps,holes,cracks and micropores in the composites which are urgent technical problems to improve the mechanical properties and surface quality of biomass composites.A variety of typical biomass solid wastes and plastic solid wastes are used as raw materials in this paper.The characterization and preparation experiments of samples with different formulas(raw materials,matrix and functional additives)are carried out.The visual model is established to study the filler distribution,filler/matrix interface bonding and hybrid filling mode.The following conclusions were obtained:(1)The experiments of typical biomass grinding characteristics and basic formula found the optimized biomass filler formulas: filler formula of film material(100% wheat straw),filler formula of thin sheet material(72.9% wheat straw+17.1% corn straw+10.0%greening waste)and filler formula of thick sheet material(69.1% wheat straw+30.9%greening waste).The filling effect of wheat straw filler with a shape of small fragment is superior.The filling effect of irregular blocky corn straw filler is inferior.The filling effect of fibrous greening waste filler is ordinary.Irregular defects caused by filler powder agglomeration and filler stacking are technical problems affecting the mechanical properties of biomass composites.(2)The experiment of preparing film wall decoration materials from wheat straw biomass solid waste found the optimum formula: the ratio of biomass filler and recycled low density polyethylene is 1:7,based on this ratio,adding 8.3wt% calcium stearate and8.3wt% dodecyl methacrylate to prepare biomass composite.The molten calcium stearate,crosslinked liquid dodecyl methacrylate and biomass filler are combined to form the cross-linking product hybrid(δ phase)which promotes the interface bonding between biomass filler and plastic matrix and improves mechanical property of material.Fillers and additives play a synergistic filling effect.They can selectively fill and repair defects at all levels.The molten calcium stearate forms a flexible hybrid with the filler to flexibly fill the irregular defects.Calcium stearate is compatible with dodecyl methacrylate to form a mutually soluble system.One part of the crosslinked products produced by the crosslinking reaction are embedded into hybrid,the other parts have an affinity with the plastic matrix.These structures can enhance filler/matrix adhesion and synergistically strengthen composites.(3)The experiment of preparing thin sheet wall decoration materials from mixed biomass solid waste has many finds as following.The optimum ratio of recycled low density polyethylene and recycled linear low density polyethylene is 1:0.26.The optimum ratio of biomass filler and compatibilizer is 1:1.5.The optimum addition amount of solid dye is 15 g.The concentration of liquid dyes which are suitable for preparing wood colored wallpaper,green wallpaper and blue wallpaper are 0wt%,0.99wt% and 2.91wt%,respectively.Oil film encapsulation technology improves the uniform distribution of nanoparticles on the surface of plastic particles and strengthening effect of nanoparticles to the plastic matrix.The biomass filler and calcium gluconate are fused into liquid hybrids which can flexibly fill matrix.The cooled hybrids are in the shape of clusters or bands.Solid dyes can effectively adjust the color of materials.Repetitive compound processing can promote the fusion of tissue,change the morphology of hybrids and generate dense structure.Liquid dyes produce double-layer cross-linking network through cross-linking reaction to strengthen the microstructure of the composites.(4)The experiment of preparing thick sheet wall decoration materials from mixed biomass solid waste has many finds as following.The optimum addition amount of two compatibilizers poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride)and arabic gum are 4.8wt%and 3.4 wt% respectively.The nanofluid is composed of nano zirconia and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate(PEGD).When the nano-fluid is used to strengthen the composite containing two compatibilizers,the optimal addition amount of nano-fluid are 5.7 wt%and 3.8 wt% respectively.The melted AG encapsulates biomass particles in gel form to form T*1 hybrids,T*1 hybrids flexibly fill matrix and promote the adhesion of filler to matrix.The anhydride group of PMVEA is connected with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin through ring opening reaction to form T*2 hybrids which embed into matrix in the form of hard block,this fusion process can easily lead to stress concentration and local filler slippage.The cross-linking products produced by nanofluid combine with the T*1 hybrids to form T*3 hybrids.The emulsification of AG promotes the dispersion of crosslinker.The dispersed cross-linking products produced by cross-linking reaction are interconnected to form a uniformly distributed arachnoid crosslinking network.PMVEA does not promote the dispersion of crosslinker.The nano fluid crosslinker distributed in local areas in the form of condensed droplets.The cross-linking products produced by nanofluid crosslinker combine with T*2 hybrids to form T*4hybrids which aggregate in local area of matrix.Aggregation causes local interface failure and weakens the adhesion of filler to matrix.