A Comprison Of The Body Terms In Chinese Dialects

This thesis, with synchronic and diachronic comparative methods, studied the terms expressing the organs or positions of the human body (the body terms-for short,as follow) between Chinese dialects and mandarin Chinese. At the synchronic approach, the similarities and differences between Chinese dialects and mandarin Chinese and the general characters or differences among the Chinese dialects have been studied, the morphology and the structure of the meaning of the body terms have been probed into. At the diachronic approach, the changes of the dialectical body terms have been studied, the historical hierarchical structure of the dialectical body terms have been analyzed, the relationship between the differences of dialectism and the districted of the dialect area have been found.The thesis, with a lot of new theories and methods, try to make a comprehensive study of the dialectical body terms.The thesis consists of seven parts, the preface, the main contents are as follow, the last one is the conclusion.In the preface, the object of the study, the significance of the study, the present situation of the study, and the intention of the study have been expounded, the problems haven't been solved,the theories and methods used for the study have been explained.The contents of the first chapter is the comparison of the synchronic forms of the expression of the dialectical body terms. The similarities and differences of morphology, morpheme, chief morpheme, affix, and the forms of word-formation among Chinese dialects have been studied, the reasons of the similarities and differences of the synchronic forms of the expression of the dialectical body terms have been explained.The contents of the second chapter is the comparison of the synchronic meanings of the dialectical body terms. In this part, the studies consist of several aspects of the dialectical body terms, they are the basic meanings, the fundamental meanings, field of meaning, connotations, performance, the derived glosseme, dialectal synonym. And those dialectical body terms, which hold several syntactical functions have been studied. At last, the codability of the dialectical body terms have been discussed. The contents of the third chapter is the diachronic study of the dialectical body terms. In this part, the source and distributed of the dialectical body terms, the inheritance, the variation at the lexical level, the blazing new trails, and the replacing of the key words in history have been studied. The historical hierarchical structure of the dialectical body terms have been analyzed The rate of preserved of the key body terms has been shown. And the changes taking place are discussed.The contents of the forth chapter is the study of the types and reasons of the changes of the dialectical body terms.The contents of the fifth chapter is the study of the relationship between the general characters or differences and the districted of dialect area. In this part, the studies consist of the regional features, the degree of the similarity, distinctive features and characteristics of the dialectical body terms.The sixth part is the conclusion. In this part, we concluded the main contents of the whole thesis, and raised some problems that we found remained to be solved.The innovation of the thesis.First, the thesis, with synchronic and diachronic comparative methods, studied the relationship between the different characters of the dialectical body terms and the districted of dialect area. This is enriched the studies of the Chinese Lexical semantics, Chinese dialectal Lexicology, the history of Chinese.Second, the thesis studied both of the synchronic forms of the expression or morphology and the meaning of the dialectical body terms. This is more better than only discuss the morphology.Third, the range of study of this thesis has been enlarged to dialectism, compared to those thesises before only took mandarin Chinese for study.Forth, in this thesis,we don't only described the appearance, but also concluded the regulars, and probed into the internal reasons. In addition, raised some problems that we found remained to be solved.Fifth, with the study of the general characters and differences to the synchronic forms of the expression, we found from the dialectical body terms,the general national traits and specific characters of Chinese dialects can be seen.Sixth, with the study of the inheritance, the variation at the lexical level, the blazing new trails of the dialectical body terms, all the Chinese dialects inherited from ancient Chinese and have closed relations are proved.Seventh, applied theory to practice, the thesis demonstrates the theoretical and practical value.Eight, the thesis, with a lot of new theories and methods, try to make a comprehensive study of the dialectical body terms and achieved success. With the statistics, calculate the figures to show the conclusion, the methods are new.