| The urban rail transit system is a high-capacity,high-density,fast and punctual mode of transportation.Vigorously building and developing the urban rail transit operation network is a necessary means to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion and solve the "big city disease".The urban rail transit system is also a dynamic system with all-weather,long-term,self-service boarding and landing,and open operation.It has a huge structure,complex composition,frequent dynamic interaction,high passenger flow pressure at peak hours and key line stations,and high difficulty in safety management.When an emergency occurs in urban rail transit,it should be actively,properly and efficiently handled,especially to ensure sufficient,rapid and effective input of emergency resources.Therefore,it is of great significance to study and improve the layout and scheduling capacity of networked emergency resources to ensure the safe operation of urban rail transit.This paper takes the large-scale urban rail transit network as the research background,with a focus on emergency data analysis,system analysis,resource control,and decision optimization.It studies the establishment of an emergency resource decision-making framework for urban rail transit operation networks,optimization and improvement of emergency resource layout ideas and models,emergency resource scheduling ideas and models,and iterative optimization mechanisms for emergency resource allocation.(1)The decision-making framework for emergency resources of urban rail transit network has been established.Statistically analyze the historical data of urban rail transit network equipment failures,conduct qualitative and quantitative research and regular analysis,analyze the occurrence characteristics and emergency process characteristics of abnormal operation events,and determine the key points of urban rail transit emergency rescue.Taking Beijing Metro as the object,the emergency organization system,business process and auxiliary decision-making system are constructed,and the urban rail transit network emergency system architecture is built.Based on on-site research and analysis,the structure tree of urban rail transit emergency resources has been fully defined for the first time.The decision-making objectives,decision-making processes,and modeling ideas for emergency resources have been studied and formed,and a set of urban rail transit network emergency resources decision-making system has been constructed.(2)The optimization model of emergency resource layout of urban rail transit network with minimum loss of road network is established.Based on the different modes of emergency resource layout of urban rail transit network,taking the feelings of the main service objects(passengers)of rail transit as the starting point,the objectives of reducing the impact of emergency process on passenger flow and ensuring the maximum operation efficiency of the whole network are put forward.According to the principle of hierarchical layout,multiple optimization objectives such as the maximum coverage of emergency reserve stations,the minimum loss of road network failure,and the shortest distance from emergency reserve stations to demand points are considered,The triangular fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy set is used to evaluate the importance of expert opinions and calculate the path weight.A bi-level programming model based on weighted directed network graph is established,and the differential evolution algorithm is used to solve the bi-level programming model.Taking the Beijing subway network as an example,the layout optimization of multi-level emergency reserve stations is carried out,and the feasibility of the model method is verified,which shows a strong cost-reduction and efficiency increase effect.(3)An optimization model for emergency resource scheduling of urban rail transit network based on station importance is established.Considering the characteristics of urban rail transit transportation organization and the collaborative requirements of multi-level and multi-disciplinary emergency scheduling,in-depth analysis of the characteristics of emergency resource scheduling mode was conducted,and two methods for calculating station importance based on road network topology intermediary and passenger flow were studied and proposed.The optimization objectives were to minimize the rescue response time,the lowest deployment transportation cost,and the weighted sum of the gap between emergency resource demand and deployment at the incident point,A multi-objective integer programming model for network emergency resource scheduling based on station importance is established,and a method for determining the weight coefficient of multi-objective function based on entropy weight method is proposed,which effectively improves the accuracy of emergency resource scheduling strategy in case of multi-point emergency demand.Taking the Beijing subway flood control emergency dispatching as the background,the model method was tested and validated.The results showed that the supply and demand matching degree of stations with relatively dominant importance will increase with the increase of the importance ratio,and the method model has good applicability.(4)An integrated optimization mechanism for emergency resource allocation of urban rail transit network has been established.Establish two kinds of evaluation indicators of emergency resource allocation: static indicators in advance and dynamic indicators in the process,build an evaluation model of urban rail transit emergency resource allocation efficiency based on DEA,and take Beijing Metro Line 10 as an example to analyze the results,which are good.At the same time,combining the evaluation results,an iterative optimization method for the emergency resource layout model is proposed,and dynamic adjustment of emergency resources is implemented for predictable local specific risks.An integrated optimization mechanism of emergency resource layout,scheduling,evaluation,feedback,and adjustment is established.(5)A decision support system for the network emergency resource scheduling of Beijing Metro has been built.Based on the rail transit emergency resource scheduling decision-making system,the user requirements for emergency resource scheduling support are studied and analyzed.The user requirements are analyzed with the goal of improving the efficiency of urban rail transit operation and management.Relevant design suggestions are proposed for the rail transit emergency resource scheduling assistance decision-making system from the perspective of system architecture,functional modules,databases,and other aspects.Integrating the functions of the rail transit emergency resource layout model and the scheduling model into the model library,constructing various functional modules of the emergency rescue decision support system,and establishing a networked emergency resource scheduling decision support system suitable for Beijing Metro,verifying the feasibility and practical value of the research results. |
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