A Comparative Study Of Chinese Verbal Quantifiers And Their French Counterpart

“Verbal Classifier” is a concept that universally exists in objects,actions,and states,involving the quantity,frequency,and duration of actions occurring or the duration of states.Different languages have different ways of expressing Verbal Classifier.For example,modern Chinese uses Verbal Classifier words to express Verbal Classifiers,while French usually prefers to describe Verbal Classifiers through lexical means.This thesis adopts the comparative analysis method,based on the theory of functional linguistics and the theory of constructive grammar,aiming to explore the similarities and differences between Chinese verbs and their French counterparts.The paper is divided into seven parts: the introductory part introduces the background of the study,further points out the purpose and significance of the study of Chinese verbs and their French counterparts,as well as the research ideas,methods,corpus sources,theoretical foundations,and the structure of the paper.The first chapter mainly discusses the research progress on the constructions of Chinese verbal quantifiers with their French counterparts.The second chapter mainly introduces the nature and characteristics of momentum words and discusses the definition and classification of the relevant constructions of Chinese momentum words and their French counterparts.Chapter 3 mainly discusses the syntactic study of Chinese verb variables and their French counterparts,focusing on comparing the syntactic similarities and differences between Chinese verb variables and their French counterparts.Chapter 4 mainly discusses the study of negation between Chinese verb variables and their French counterparts,points out the similarities and differences in the negative expressions of Chinese verb variables and their French counterparts,and compares them accordingly.Chapter 5 mainly focuses on the semantic study of Chinese verbs and their French counterparts.It also points out the semantic similarities and differences between Chinese verbs and their French counterparts and compares them accordingly.Chapter 6 reviews the whole text and research results draws certain conclusions,and analyses the innovations and shortcomings of this thesis.In terms of the research focus of the thesis,this paper will make an in-depth comparison of the use of Chinese and French modal expressions at the present stage,explore the similarities and differences in the semantics,usage,and syntactic position of modals,and focus on the similarities and differences in the negation of Chinese modals and their French counterparts.Through the results of the study of the modern Chinese corpus,we find that verb construction has a certain foundation in Chinese,which is mainly divided into three types: “V(+ le / Comp.)+ VC”,“V(+ le /Comp.)+ NP / Pron.+ VCl” and “V(+ le / Comp.)+ VCl + NP”.Meanwhile,we find that these three constructions are derived from the prototypical and object constructions,with the subjective element omitted,the action meaning highlighted,and the event meaning weakened.In addition,the difference in the frequency of the use of Verbal Classifier words also indicates that borrowed momentum phrases are more inclined to be nominalized as objects.At the same time,the complement function is relatively secondary,and the categorization of borrowed momentum words is more in the form of highlighting a specific semantic role than in the form of quantity.Comprehensively,this paper argues that although Sino-French forms of verb expression share common cognitive domains in certain semantic areas,such as the correspondence between temporal and quantitative expressions,and the semantic features necessary for verbs,they show significant differences in syntax,especially in syntactic position and syntactic constraints on the verb.The significance of the thesis is that it provides a new theoretical basis for the comparative study of Chinese and French forms of verb expression,and reveals the similarities and differences between the two languages in terms of verb expression by combining the theory of functional linguistics and the theory of constructive grammar.This study helps to deeply understand the linguistic characteristics of Chinese momentum and its corresponding word expression in French.It provides practical guidance for communicative and linguistic research and translation between the two languages,as well as a reference for language teaching.