Analysis Of Characteristics And Ecological Effects Of Shallow Groundwater Fluoride Pollution In Typical Areas Of Liao River Basin

High-fluoride-containing groundwater was the groundwater in which fluoride concentration was higher than national sanitary standard for drinking water (1.0mg/L), and excessive intake would have ill effects for human. Shallow groundwater which was the local dwellers'main drinking water containing high level of fluorine in KangPing, ZhangWu and HeiShan. These districts belonged to drinking-water fluorine illness areas. The paper studied the distributional characteristics of fluorine in shallow groundwater, and evaluated the environmental quality condition, then analyzd ecological effect in these areas. Finally the exposure modle and health risk model were also used to quantify the exposure dose and health risk. Results showed that:(1)The fluorine content of shallow groundwater was significantly high in HeiShan, with 40.9% exceeding national groundwater standard 111(22.7% was IV,18.2% was V), over-standard maximum was 9.37; the fluorine contents of shallow groundwater in Kangping and Zhangwu were relative lower, with 37.5%(25.0% was IV,12.5% was V) and 32.0%(20% was IV,12.0% was V) exceeding standard, and their over-standard intensity were separately 1.04～3.15 and 1.10～3.15.(2)The vegetables in these areas were seriously polluted by fluorine and had certain risk. Radish's over-standard rate was 66.7%, and its over-standard intensity was 1.07～1.29; cabbage's over-standard rate was 30.0%, but its over-standard intensity (1.06-2.96) was higher. Both of them belonged to unsafe level, contributing to fluorine illness. Fluorine content of corn was lower, belonging to unsafe level.(3)The fluorine content of corn was not correlated with shallow groundwater, but the fluorine content of eatable part in vegetable was positivly correlated with shallow groundwater. These showed shallow groudwater had a great contribution to fluorine content of vegetable which might badly affected human healthy. Some measures should be taked to change the chemical condition of shallow groundwater according to local envrionment, and choose suitable vegetable to assure the safty.(4)The fluorine contents of human hair in the areas were slightly higher than the average of Liao River area. The average fluorine content of female hair was higher than male's, and children's was higher than adults'. These showed that woman and children were more sensible by fluorosis.(5) The main factor to bring potentialy non-carcinogens risk to local dweller was water-intake, its index was higher than 1.0; while food-intake risk were relativly lower, their indexs were far more lower than 1, which could be considered no chronic non-carcinogens risk. The total risk of fluorosis in shallow groundwater was 2.189×10-8, which was far more lower than the biggest acceptable level 1.0×10-6 which was recommended by British Royal Institute and belonged to an acceptable level.