Phylogeny Analysis Of 12 Passerformes From Inner Mongolia Based On 12SrRNA And COI Gene

Passeriformes is the highest group of the birds, it occurred late in the evolutionary history and strongly differentiated. There are about 661 species in China, accout 55.7% for all birds. Many problems existed in classification and phylogeny of family, genus and species in Passeriformes, due to mutiple kinds and complex behavior and morphology, especially in the family Fringillidae, Paridae and Aegithalidae. Systematics based on molecular and morphological characters are very different.In this paper, we analysis Passeriformes is the highest group of the birds, it occurred late in the evolutionary history and strongly differentiated. There are about 661 species in China, accout 55.7% for all birds. Many problems existed in classification and phylogeny of family, genus and species in Passeriformes, due to mutiple kinds and complex behavior and morphology, especially in the family Fringillidae, Paridae and Aegithalidae. Systematics based on molecular and morphological characters are very different.In this paper, we analysis 12 Passeriformes from Inner Mongolia based on part fragments mitochondrial genes 12SrRNA and COI, and found that in 12SrRNA and COI sequences, Paridae GC level higher than AT. The sequences show that variable sites are 24.70% in 12SrRNA gene fragments,parsimonious-info sites are 15.6%,conserved sites are 70.08%; variable sites are 33.14%in COI gene fragments,parsimonious-info sites are 21.63%,conserved sites are 65.33%.On the base of comparison of gene 12SrRNA and COI, We reconstructed phylogenic tree used the ME, NJ, ML, MP and Bayes methods. Some of the trees displays that Aegithalos caudatus and Parus major,Parus palustris, Parus venustulus converge in one clade, so we suggested Aegithalos caudatus classified as species of Paridae. In addition, about Fringillidae, the experiments showed Eophona migratoria and Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Rhodopechys and Carpodacus have close relationship, compare with the Loxia and Carduelis. Loxia leucoptera converge with Carduelis sinica and as the sister group of Carduelis flammea.According to sequences character and clade trees based of 12SrRNA, COI and the two genes combines, we found COI gene is more stable thanl2SrRNA and reasonable conservative. The clade tree based on 12SrRNA+COI with high bootstrap value.