Turbulent Parameters Of The Near Surface Layer Over Arctic Ocean And Tibet Plateau

This thesis mainly focus on the difference of energy transport between floating ice-atmosphere and sea-atmosphere over Arctic Ocean via turbulent theory and the difference of energy exchange between plant-atmosphere and soil-atmosphere on Tibet Plateau using SiB2(Simple Biosphere model version 2). Furthermore, the soil thermal diffusivity related closely to the energy cycle on Tibet Plateau is investigated. Author aims to further research and comprehension on energy/matter transport mechanism between surface and atmosphere in different region, which is useful to the veracity of the parameterization scheme for boundary level atmosphere. In chapter 1, Characteristics of heat balance parameters of Arctic Ocean drafting ice and open sea are presented based on the profile-flux method and the data obtained by the first Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition during Aug. 19?4,1999. The result demonstrates that the difference of interaction processes between ocean-air and ice-air is extremely obvious. Net radiation absorbed by ice surface only account of 6% of that absorbed by the sea surface and it is consumed mainly by the processes of sensible heat exchange and ice melting, deficit part of the heat is compensated from the latent heat released when water vapor is frizzed on ice surface and heat stored in ice. Net radiation absorbed by sea surface is balanced most by the process of latent heat transport , accounting for 50% of total heat, and the rest part is conducted to deep water and transported sensible heat to air, accounting for 26 % and 24% of total heat individually. It can be found that a great quantity of vapor is transported to atmosphere from Arctic Ocean open sea in summer, which is very important to concerns on season change of heat budget on Arctic Ocean. Finally, parameterization scheme for radiation in Arctic Ocean is presented through intensive test. The data used in chapter 2 as followed: the meteorology and hydrological data in Amdo(9,1?6,1998) and MS3637(7,1條l,1998) during GAME/Tibet, the data in Changdu (5,18?.1,1998) during TJPEX as well. The difference of energy transport between canopy-atmosphere and soil-atmosphere is investigated and the fluxes obtained from model(SiB2) are compared with observation during field campaign. The conclusion is that on the surface living plant, the sensible heat from soil to atmosphere mainly come from the plant, meanwhile, the plant evapotranspiration account for a considerable amount of the latent heat transport from the surface to the atmosphere . The phenomenon that modeled sensible flux is larger than the measured data over three field stations is caused by the parameterization scheme for sensible transport, which need to be ameliorated in future work. The reason for author抯 conclusion is accessible in context. The water status in soil is one of the main factors influenced the latent heat transport in model, and much concern must be contributed to this respect during the field campaign and investigation in future. In chapter 3,The soil thermal conductive equation and soil thermal conductive [II 5- equation with thermal convection term contained were solved analytically to compute apparent soil thermal diffusivity and soil thermal diff黶ivity directly at first. This work bases on the observation data from soil moisture and temperature measurement system (SMTMS) sites during GAME/Tibet over Tibet Pla...