Protein Analysis Of Sibship In Several Plants Of Lilium And Preliminary Identification Of Hybrids

Lily is one of the most important cut flowers in the world, its bulbs have high edible and medical values. The pattern of peroxidase isoenzyme and were analysed in several lilium species and cultivars by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the results could be regarded as biochemical evidence for relationships of lilium. The hybrids F1 between in Ldavidii var. unicolor and lilium Asiatic hybrids or cultivars in lilium Asiatic hybrids were researched with their parents by karyotype, soluble protein, esterase isoenzyme and peroxidase isoenzyme. The results provided identification markers of cytology and biochemistry for hybridization at the early stage in lily breeding programs.The cluster analysis according to similarity coefficient of soluble protein and peroxidase showed that 'Yellow' and 'Omega' have the most closest relation in lilium Asiatic hybrids. L. davidii var. unicolor was very close to L. davidii. This provided advantageous evidence that L. davidii var. unicolor which came form L. davidii was variety. L. lancifolium was close to lilium Asiatic hybrids. In addition, the relation between compatibility of crosses and genetic relationships was discussed.The germination of two seeds of hybrids was different form their parents. Seeds of their parents were epigeal germination, but two seeds germination of hybrids which were derived form L davidii var. unicolor x'Yellow' and L davidii var. unicolorx'Cordelia' were remain cotyledon in seed. No mature seeds were used the method of embryos culture. During culture of the hybrid embryos form different cross classification, the proportion and concentration of hormones were different. Hybrid embryos regenerated by callus and obtained more lily plantlets. Isoenzyme zymograms of lily plantlets by embryos culture were similar to results of seed developed into plantlet.The first and second longest chromosomes are important in karyotype analysis and most of which are metacentric chromosome and submetacentric chromosome in lilium. Hybrids were distinguishable by the existence and position of secondary constriction and arm ratio. Karyotype analyses could be used for evidence of hybridization with obvious difference of parental chromosomes, chromosomes characteristic of both parents were observed in L. davidii var. unicolor x'Yellow'and L davidii var. unicolorx 'Cordelia'. It was difficult to ascertain the hybyidity of lily plants when both of parental chromosomes had a slight difference.The hybrids not only emerged deeper color in common protein zymograms than in both parents, but also had new bands in mother of L. davidii var. unicolor. But protein zymograms were parental type and had no significant difference in 'Yellow'x'Cordelia'. Isoenzyme zymograms had higher polymorphism than protein zymograms. Isoenzyme zymograms of hybrids mainly displayed partly complementary zymograms of the two parents in L. davidii var. unicolorx'Negro'and L. davidii var. unicolorx'Yellow'. Peroxidase zymograms displayed partly complementary zymograms of the two parents in L. davidii var. unicolor x'Cordelia'. However, isoenzyme zymograms were mothernal type in 'Yellow'x 'Cordelia'. The analysis indicated that the patterns of protein , peroxidase and esterase can be used as genetic markers to identify hybrids and determine the plants with object characteristics.