The Research On The Spatial Pattern And Urban Ecology Of The Oasis City

With the development of the cities, the changes that the human beings made of the urban environment are more and more intensive. These changes destroyed the original ecological balance in the cities. The cities locating in the oases that were surrounded by the deserts have much weaker ecosystem than other cities in humid or semi-humid regions. As a typical oasis city, Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the center of the whole autonomy's politics, economics and literature, is limited by the natural conditions such as its landform, geomorphy, vegetation and hydrological conditions when it develops its economy. The research on Urumqi's development pattern, the dynamic of its urban landscape spatial pattern and its influence on the ecological environment can be used for reference on other smaller oasis cities.The theories of the landscape ecology provide new methods for the research of urban ecology. The techniques of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System offer powerful technical support on the study of the urban landscape ecology and it makes it easy for people to realize the character of the city spatial pattern and its dynamics.In this article, we analysis the features of Urumqi's spatial patterns and the present situation of the ecological environment according to this pattern from the viewpoint of the landscape ecology. Then we put forward some improvement methods.Firstly, we choose the map of the present land use as the base map of our research work. With the help of ERADAS INMAGIS & ARCVIEW, we sort the landscape elements of Urumqi and calculate its indexes of landscape heterogeneity, patch pattern and corridor pattern.On account of the results, we analysis the characters of Urumqi's landscape spatial pattern from four aspects: the urban landscape composing, the landscape heterogeneity, urban corridor system and the form and pattern of patches. Then some suggestions on the construction and planning of the ecology of Urumqi are raised as the following:Control the area of inhabitant land and industrial & storage land. Increase the patio of roadway and greenland to enhance the utilization efficiency. Combining with the Northward expanding of the city, some new commercial centers could be set up in the northern part of the city in order to enhance the congregation effects of the city, exert the mass effect of commerce and relieve the pressure of the commercial centers in existence.In order to protect the urban ecological environment, the oasis city should expand its greenland and improve the ratio of arbor and brush in the urban greenland system. Meanwhile, we should pay more attention to use the local plants to increase the diversity of Urumqi's greenland components. Improve the urban road system's virescence and connection to bring the natural vegetation into play sufficiently.The river corridor is the precious natural resource in oasis city. Deriving the water from the Peace Trench into the wandering waterway that is dug in the inhabitant sections may slow down the velocity of flow and prolong the length of the river. Thus an important green corridor will be built in Urumqi. It may increase the landscape diversity of the city and enhance the comfort, stability and sustainability of the city.