Retrieval Of Land Surface Temperature And Its Response To LUCC And Salt Water Intrusion

Many costal regions in China are confronted with challenging problems of limited land resources and increasing population. Saline lands, tidelands and wetlands have been enclosed for agricultural land uses and urbanization buffer zones under a series of reclamation programs. All these human activities and natural process resulted in obvious change of land use and land cover. LST(Land Surface Temperature)is a factor which controls most of physical and biochemistry processing. The regional distribution of LST has application value of great importance in various fields of research, such as climate change, environmental monitoring and Urban Heat Island Effect (UHI).Many researches on environment and earth resources depend on Land Surface Temperature as basic data, so accurate retrieval of the Land Surface Temperature is becoming more and more important. Land cover is an intrinsic element of most remote sensing analysis. An obvious example is the use of remote imagery for straightforward land cover classification. Modern remote sensing approaches have advantages over conventional field survey techniques, which are laborious and costly. The process of salt water intrusion is one of the typical natural disasters, which affects the environment of coastal area seriously. It results in the change of land use and land cover, land surface temperature and so on. Analysis on trend of LUCC(Land Use and Land Cover Change) at special area is also of great importance on natural science research. As the result of intersecting of both nature and human process, Land use/cover change has great impact on other aspects related to globe change. The change of coastal area is becoming more notable along with the economy development. Research on the relation between land surface temperature and land use/cover types is also of great importance. This study tries to investigate the land surface temperature, and explore the relation between land surface temperature and land use/cover change, and find out the land surface temperature difference due to sea water intrusion.The images of TM and ETM+ are the main data resources, from which we can acquire the maps of land use and land cover by visual interpretation. Based on the maps we got, we analyzed the change to find the rule and its trends. There are many mono-window algorithms applied to retrieve the surface temperature according to TM and ETM+ images, which have only one Infrared band. It was proved that the accuracy of Qin Zhihao's mono-window algorithm for retrieving land surface temperature can meet the needs of practical applications by many experiments. We take the retrieved temperature by Qin Zhihao's mono-window algorithm as the real surface temperature approximately, on the basis of which we try to find out the relations between LUCC and LST, and the effects of salt water intrusion on LST. Then we analyzed the temperature change on different kinds of land use.A combined approach of remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) was used in this study to identify the impact on LST due to land use/cover change and salt water intrusion. We analyzed the impacts of LUCC on LST in Laizhou Bay plain in different years. The results showed that land use types of culturing water increased significantly, and correspondingly the area of grass land and salt land have a substantial reduction. The area of urban and rural settlements increased considerably. We find different types of land use have different responses to temperature change. The change between farmland, cultural water and salt land is the most important changed types in the study area. The land use types with high degree of utility (City region, village residence) have little chance to change. On the contrary, the land use types with low degree of utility (salt land and beach) are easy to change into other land use types. It is convinced that the temperature of the land use types, which has more moisture and vegetation cover rate, is lower than that of the other regions. Coastal lands reclaimed in the past years are characterized by substantial variations in soil compositions, and a variety of land covers. Different land use types have different temperature changes due to its physical characteristics. The land use and land cover change caused the temperature change distinctly. Besides the natural processing, human activities and induced salt water intrusion contributed to land surface temperature transformation. To sum up, there are strong correlations between LUCC and LST. The effect of salt water on LST is indirectly, and less obviously.