Application Of GIS For Risk Assessment Research Of Landslide Hazard Along Southern Shaan Highway

With rapid development of the western road construction, highway construction to promote economic development has become the most important factor in southern shaanxi. However, Qinba Mountains in southern Shaanxi is located in the complicated geological structure, diversity of the rock and soil, and in subtropical climate zones rainstorm occurred frequently. The occurrence of geological hazards along the highway and caused a great threat to residents. Risk assessment to geological hazards along the road, you can work in time to take the necessary measures to avoid or reduce the occurrence of landslide disasters. It is effect to identify disaster-prone areas along the road, to facilitate timely and accurate management departments at all levels to disaster prevention-making and mitigation decision-making. So it provides support information to decision-making of disaster reduction in time. Risk assessment established by the road along the landslide disaster database for the geological environmental management and disaster to provide reference information.At present, GIS has been widely applied to the risk assessment of all kinds of geological disasters, but most of them were regional. It is still few that GIS used to assess the risk of geological hazards of large-scale land for lifeline such as highway construction, and mainly to qualitative assessment. In view of this, the present paper unified the boundary of Shanxi and Hubei to Ankang Highway of actual situation, discussed the GIS applied to highway construction of landslide hazard evaluate theory and methods. Achieved the following results:1 .Based on GIS, the paper has built the database of highway landslide hazard and realized the inquiry mutually, management of highway's landslide hazard information;2. Types and numbers and three transform destruction models of the landslide hazard have been analyzed through field survey and history data obtained, and then the triggering mechanisms have been shown using GIS.3. Deciding the weights of the landslide hazard and their affecting factors by the AHP and building the risk assessment model of landslide hazard.4. Assessing the risk of the diseases quantitatively using GIS, the risk assessment zoning map was obtained. The results of assessment show that distribution-intensive areas of landslide hazard and valley areas are very risk which is 53.8km~2,41.1% of the total area, moderate risk is 46.0km~2, about 35.2%, low risk is 31.0km~2, about 23.7%. Risk assessment has been carried out quantitatively, which is prior to qualitative assessment.