Study On Developmental Toxicity In Africa Claw Frog (Xenopus.laevis) By Flumorph

Recently, there are many reports about the increasing of various malformation number and amphibinepopulation decreasing to die out in the world. One of the reasons is the chemical pesticide which had anserious affection on the habitat and development of amphibine so that threatened the human being's health.Flumorph is a new pesticide, and its effect on the amphibine (Xenopus.laevis) developmental toxicity hasnot yet been reported in the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate developmental toxicity byflumorph(95 %) in Xenopus. laevis, as a guide to safe and effective use of this pesticide. The studyincluded embryo developmental toxicity, acute toxicity and chronic developmental toxicity. In order toevaluate developmental toxicity by flumorph(95 %)in Xenopus.laevis, The measures of toxicity includedmortality, teratogenicity rate, body weight, body length, tail length, limb bud development, genderdifferentiation, heredity toxicity and viscera tissue pathology observation etc. The result in embryodevelopmental toxicity test indicated that the value of 96hr-LC50 was 83.15 mg/L, the value of 96hr-EC50was76.65 mg/L and TI( LC50 / EC50)was 1.01≤1.5. Flumorph was not the teratogenic toxicity to Xenopuslaevis Embryo, however, above20 mg/L, Flumorph inhibit the development of Embryo length strongly andhatch rate. The result in acute toxicity test indicated that the value of 96hr-LC50 was lower than the value of48hr-LC50. To different developmental stages, the median lethal concentration indicated that the late stagelarvae (46/47stage, 48/50stage) were more sensitive than early stage larvae. The value of 96hr-LC50 was22.79 mg/L in 46/47stage. In chronic developmental toxicity test, The Xenopus.laevis by flumorphcompared with a control group treated with water and with acetone, it is showed that body weight reducing,body length and tail length shorter, the time of metamorphism climax prolong, development delay,teratogenicity rate increasing, living rate and metamorphism success rate falling. Flumorph has a lighttoxicity to kidney and has no affection on gender differentiation and heredity toxicity.