| In world the area of karst which constitutes about 10 percents of global area is up to 51×10~6km~2 in all;In china there are 124×10~4km~2 karst area ,13 percents of total karst; Now karst plays an important part inboth world and china. Karst caves are well developed in the favorable humid tropical climate and theintermittent uplift accompanied by the frequent changes of base-level. Karst cave is one of significantfeatures, which discriminates between karst landform and non-karst landform. And karst cave becomes akind of special resources with distinctive internal environment through interplaying of different eco-factors.According to rude retrospect to karst cave exploitation in different historical poach, it manifests that caveshave been a suit of special environment, which may sustain people′s life living in karst area, especially inthe undeveloped area. The unique style of life created by their forefathers has been a kind of customs now,at the same time the custom with science knowledge has been retained naturally. With the development ofsociety many kinds of styles turn out while a sort of exploitations are abolished. In china the regions in LiBo and XingYi in GuiZhou province characterized by typical cone karst andare the main inhabitants of the minority with national cultures and customs. Convention Concerning theProtection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage proves that it′s the principle of the world naturalheritage that harmonious development of nature and humanity, in short we should pay more attention topeople′s survival and development while conserving resources. Convention Concerning the Protection ofthe World Cultural and Natural Heritage conforms culture and nature to a body, highlighted under the topicof the harmony and integrality between human civilization and nature, which sublimes itself basic spirits.So in the first we should ascertain the condition of cave exploitation and sabotage, then must give a chiefclassification as to different exploitation, in this way we may analyze whether is feasible to continue toretain old cave using which the inhabitant are familiar with and live on. So far we have not classified particularly the mode of cave exploitation. As usual people think thattourism dominates in the exploitation to cave and a course at the price of destroying environment. Thepaper introduces the exploration to karst caves which locate in GuiYang, QingZhen, FuQuan, XiuWen,QianXi, XingYi, LiBo and NaYong and so on, in collaboration with cave experts and cave lover from Italy,Indonesia and Korea, in which consist of 150 caves saw about and 55 mapped caves with detailedexploration. On the basis of research, practical exploration, data collected and investigated information, wesummarize comprehensively the mode of cave exploitation. According to the percentage of each typeoccupying overall types, analyze the feasibility to hold cave using under the protecting principle of worldnatural heritage. ①A varieties of cave using types come into being based on different resource in cave, especially theresource that is of scarcity and is short of. The used cave resource comprise not only material resource, butalso special immaterial resource relative to the earth′s surface. Although plenty of literature studied caveresource, we discuss just the material resource. For the fist time the paper puts forward cave characteristicacquainted and used by people as immaterial resource, such as darkness, quietness, mystery, cover-up andso on. ②In all age , the people in karst area where caves are well developed are strongly dependent on localcaves because of lagged productivity and economy. Without the help of advanced productive and livingimplement and substitute of the resources needed, people are only dependent on the resources to keep basallife and production. So the causes above urge original inhabitant to more dependent on the resources,inversing to the development of economy, society and culture. In a sum more developed, less dependent;more lagged, more dependent. ③For the first time summarize... |
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