Isolation And Classification Of Marine Oil Degrading Bacteria And Their Application In Bioremediation Of Marine Oil Pollution

Petroleum pollution has been a serious problem in environments, especially in the marine environments due to oil production and transportation disposal. In the coastal areas of China, the oil concentration in seawater is 2-8 times that of normal seawater.By enrichment with crude oil or diesel as the sole carbon source, two oil-degrading consortia were obtained; one is a diesel degrading consortium, and the other is a crude oil degrading consortium. 2 strains were isolated from the former and was identified to be Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes(97%) and Alcanivorax dieselole(i99%), respectively, based on 16SrDNA sequence analysis. From the latter, 7 strains were isolated from consortium and identified to be species of Shewanella, Roseobacter, Hyphomonas, Mesorhizobium, Erythrobacter, Alcanivorax and Acinetobacter, respectively.Among the obtained strains, two are potential new species of Erythrobacter and Roseobacter which showed low similarity of 16Sr DNA sequences with the type strain of E. flavus and R.gallaeciensis by 93.58% and 95.81%, respectively. According to the results of physiological and biochemical characterization,analysis of cellular fatty acid composition and G+C contents, they were affiliated to the genus Erythrobacter and Roseobacter respectively, but were differentiated from described Erythrobacter and Roseobacter species. Therefore, a novel species, Erythrobacter aromatiphilus sp.nov., and a novel species, Roseobacter xiamengensis sp.nov., were proposed, with the type strain GY-2 and Y-2.After oil degradation test with single strain, 6 were selected to construct a bacterial consortium for diesel removal. After detection of oil degradation rate, analysis of the residual diesel by GC-MS, and the examination of dynamic change of the consortium in the process of oil consumption by PCR-DGGE and CFU counting, an optimized consortium containing 2HE-4, PN3-2 and B-5 was obtained,and its degradation rate of diesel is 55.9%. In addition, to construct a crude oil degradation consortium, AS-3, Y-1, AY-2, Y-2, GY-2, OY-1, AS-5, PN3-2, 3C-9 and B-5 were...