| A river was the joint production of the atmospheric circulation and the earth underlaying surface. It provided for humans important living circumstance and various ecological service functions. At present the river ecosystem was continuously interrupted and damaged by humans. To restore and maintain a healthy river ecosystem has been an important object for environment management.Evaluation of river health conditions was the base of river management and river ecosystem monitoring. How to represent and evaluate the river health is being one of foci in river ecology. Thus, the research from the foreign countries, such US, EU, UK, Australia and South Africa was systematically collected and studied. With the multimetrics principle, a model of evaluation index system for urban river ecosystem health was established, which consisted of 5 factors and 14 indexes. The 5 factors are ecological service function, water quality, aquatic life, riverside condition and physical structure. The weight of the 14 indexes was obtained with expert consultation and analytical hierarchical process (AHP). And the model was applied to evaluate the river ecological health of the S river in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province.The research was mainly on: a) relevant research from home and abroad, b) selection of the factors and indexes which influenced the urban river ecosystem health, c) the method to weight the indexes and factors, d) the evaluation standard of urban river ecosystem health, and e) evaluation for S river ecosystem health.The research results were: 1) the established evaluation index system included 5 factors and 14 indexes, which evaluated river conditions from system health perspective, 2) fuzzy comprehensive AHP combining qualitative analysis and quantitative judgment was used in the model, and 3) judged by the model, the score of S river ecosystem health was 0.5341, which belonged to the third level - sub-healthy, which was between the healthy level and unhealthy level.
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