Study On Extraction, Quality And Microevolution Of Hemp Seed Oil

This experiment used Cannabis Sativa L.from Gansu province as material,by optimizing supercritical CO₂ extraction process of Hemp seed oil,and comparing hydraulic pressing with supercritical CO₂ extraction distilling on Hemp seed oil,then analysing the chemical compositions of Hemp seed volatile oil,doing preliminary research on microencapsulation of Hemp seed oil by supercritical CO₂ extraction,the experiment provided basis for the inthesive processing and full use of hemp seed.The main results of this study were as follows:1.This experiment analysed the chemical compositions of Hemp seed.The results showed that:water 7.83%,fat 22.31%,protein 23.19%,ash 7.41%,respectively.There were 17 kinds of amino acid contents in the Hempseed protein determined by Amino Acid Analyzer,including seven kinds of essential amino acids of animals and human being, which accounted for 31.07%,of which Glutamate's most,about 3.72g/100g,and followed by arginine,about 2.55g/100g.2.The extracting technology of Hemp seed oil by supercritical CO₂ was studied.Some factors which influenced oil yield were analysed by single factor trial.The optimal conditions were particle size 20 screen mesh,sample volume 100g,extracting time 120 min and separating temperature 40℃,respectively;Extracting pressure,extracting temperature and CO₂ flow rate were important to extracting process.Taking the extraction pressure,extraction temperature and CO₂ flow rate as the variables of Box-Behnken Design,the results of response surface analysis(RSA) showed that the effect sequence of the above three factors were extraction pressure,extraction temperature,CO₂ flow rate. And these variables had evident crossing action.The optimum parameters of SCFE-CO₂ were extraction pressure 324.21Pa,extractiontemperature 59.93℃,CO₂ flow rate 23.41g/min.3.Using GC-MS to identify fatty acid compositions of Hemp seed oil extracted by SEF technique and hydraulic pressing.It showed that the oil contained many kinds of fatty acids such as palmitic,stearic,oleic,linoleic,linolenic and arachidic acid.There were little differences between the fatty acid composition of Hemp seed oil by SEF technique and hydraulic pressing.The content of unsaturated fatty acid was over 88%.Lipid mark values of Hemp seed oil distilled by supercritical CO₂ and hydraulic pressing respectively were compared,the quality of Hemp seed oil distilled by supercriticai CO₂ was superior to the one distilled by hydraulic pressing.The oxidative stability of Hemp seed oil was not good thereby there will be more work to do for the study of it.4.Using GC-MS to identify the chemical compositions of Hemp seed volatile oil.There were 15 kinds of compositions,mainly including olefins,alcohols and esters,which accounted for 96.67%of the total oil.The 3-methyl-1-butanol was the highest,following acetic acid,ethyl alcohol,α-pinene andβ-myrcene.5.When spray dry method was used to prepare Hemp seed oil microcapsules,proper wall material combination were soybean protein isolate and maltodextrin.The optimum emulsion formula for the spray dry of Hemp seed oil:soybean separated albumen/maltodetrin was 1:1,core/wall was 1:1.5,concentration of emulsion was 25%(w/v).